Color fundus imaging in retinopathy of prematurity screening

This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between retinal vascular abnormalities and amblyopia by analyzing vascular structures of fundus images. Methods:In this observational study, retinal fundus images were collected from 36 patients with unilateral amblyopia, 33 patients with bilateral amblyopia, and 36 healthy control volunteers. We developed a customized training algorithm based on U-Net to digitalize the vasculature in the fundus images to quantify vascular density (area and fractal dimension), skeleton length, and number of bifurcation points. For statistical comparisons, this study divided participants into two groups. The amblyopic eyes and the fellow eyes of patients with unilateral amblyopia formed the paired group, while bilateral amblyopic patients and healthy controls formed the independent group. Results:In the paired group, the vascular area (P = 0.007), vascular fractal dimension (P = 0.007), and vascular skeleton length (P = 0.002) of the amblyopic eyes were significantly smaller than those of the fellow eyes. In the independent group, significant decreases in the vascular fractal dimension (P = 0.006) and skeleton length (P = 0.048) were observed in bilateral amblyopia compared to control. The vascular area was also significantly correlated with best-corrected visual acuity in amblyopic eyes. Conclusions:This study demonstrated that retinal vascular density and skeleton length in amblyopic eyes were significantly smaller compared to control, indicating an association between the changes in retinal vascular features and the state of amblyopia.Translational Relevance: Our algorithm presents amblyopic retinal vascular changes that are more biologically interpretable for both clinicians and researchers.

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Affordable ultra-widefield smartphone PedCam for comprehensive pediatric retinal examination

Rossi,

Toslak,

Erol

et al. 2024

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Widefield fundus photography is critical for the detection, documentation, and management of pediatric eye diseases. Existing clinical pediatric fundus cameras offer a limited field of view (FOV) and suboptimal image contrast, hindering comprehensive peripheral retina examination. Additionally, the high cost and lack of portability of commercial devices restrict their use in resource-limited settings. We introduce a cost-effective smartphone-based pediatric camera (PedCam) that provides a 180° eye angle (126° visual angle) snapshot FOV. Utilizing trans-pars planar illumination, the device enables nonmydriatic imaging by allocating the pupil exclusively for imaging, eliminating the need for pharmacological pupillary dilation. By adjusting the optical axis of the PedCam relative to the ocular axis, the effective FOV can be expanded up to 240° eye angle (180° visual angle), enabling complete retinal evaluation. This innovative smartphone PedCam represents a significant advancement in affordable telemedicine for the screening, monitoring, and management of retinopathy of prematurity and other pediatric eye conditions.

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Color fundus imaging in retinopathy of prematurity screening

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Gradient Ridge Enhancer: A Robust Approach for Ridge Detection in Infant’ Retinal Images

Gradient Ridge Enhancer: A Robust Approach for Ridge Detection in Infant’ Retinal Images

Reduced Retinal Vascular Density and Skeleton Length in Amblyopia

Affordable ultra-widefield smartphone PedCam for comprehensive pediatric retinal examination

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