Color matching experiment for highlighting interobserver variability

Asano, Yuta; Fairchild, Mark D.; Bouchet, L.; Morvan, Patrick

doi:10.1002/col.21975

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The first assumption may be in conflict with the not univocal association between colour and floral origin of pollen. The second assumption could prove problematic since there is a natural different perception of colours within a colournormal population (Asano et al, 2016). The objective of the present study was to validate the first of the main assumptions of the C.S.I.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Floral Diversity of Pollen Collected by Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.) – Validation of the Chromatic Assessment Method

Conti

Mędrzycki

Grillenzoni

et al. 2016

Journal of Apicultural Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A b s t r a c t Pollen collected from flowers by forager bees is the only natural protein source for the hive. This nutritional compound is fundamental for the nurse bee and brood development, and for the queen activity. Pollen has a strong influence on colony health. It is also known that the pollen quality, in terms of the amino acid profile and total protein content, varies significantly according to the floral origin. For this reason, the palynological diversity assessed in corbicular pollen is a good measure of the quality of the environment the bees live in, in terms of available food. An international research initiative "C.S.I. Pollen" aims to elaborate a pollen diversity map for all of Europe, carried out by beekeepers. Chromatic assessment of pellet colours will be used as a method. In our study, we wanted to validate this idea, through the comparison between the two methods: chromatic assessment of the diversity of pollen pellet colours and palynological assessment of the real pollen type diversity. In other words, we wanted to verify whether the pellet-colour profile reflects the palynological one. We found a significant correlation between results obtained from the two methods but some improvements are also proposed in order to increase the determination coefficient and to reduce the differences given by the two answers.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Floral Diversity of Pollen Collected by Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.) – Validation of the Chromatic Assessment Method

Conti

Mędrzycki

Grillenzoni

et al. 2016

Journal of Apicultural Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The results showed that: i) the choice of spectra for the matching primaries had a significant effect on observer variability, ii) observer variability was large for near-neutral reference colors, and iii) observer variability in the lightness direction was smaller than in chromaticity directions. In a real color-matching experiment with a panel of 61 color-normal observers [16], the average inter-observer variability (measured by the MCDM) was 9.2 CIEDE2000 units (roughly equivalent to 14.2 CIELAB units [15]), spanning about 40 CIELAB units, which was much larger than reported in any previous experiment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Specifically, a computational color-matching simulation was performed to examine the potential magnitude of observers' variability in the color-matching experiments with real observers. The simu-lation workflow was the one proposed by ASANO et al [16], using as reference samples the 9 (or 5) printed samples (Fig. 4), illuminated by the light sources in the cabinets (Fig.…”

Section: Observer Metamerism Indices For Simulated and Real Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…observer metamerism), for each color center (illuminated printed sample P) the next four indices were defined. The indices termed MCDM (mean color difference from the mean), OM max (maximum observer metamerism) and OM mean (mean observer metamerism), were previously proposed [16], and are defined as follows: (1) where V i and V ave represent the CIELAB coordinates of matched color for a given observer i and for the average of all the observers, respectively, N is the number of observers, and ΔE indicates the CIELAB color-difference, The mean color difference from the mean (MCDM) is often used to evaluate measurement precision, higher MCDM values indicating larger observer variability in the current paper. Next,…”

Section: Observer Metamerism Indices For Simulated and Real Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These researchers found an inter-observer variability (measured by the mean color difference from the mean, MCDM) in the range 3.2-4.4 CIEDE2000 units (roughly equivalent to 4.9-6.8 CIELAB units [15]), indicating that observer metamerism is quite high when a laser projector is used. Furthermore, using the STILES and BURCH CMFs [12], simulated color-matching experiments have been performed under different combinations of physical patches and monitors/projectors with different primaries [16]. The results showed that: i) the choice of spectra for the matching primaries had a significant effect on observer variability, ii) observer variability was large for near-neutral reference colors, and iii) observer variability in the lightness direction was smaller than in chromaticity directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Influence of viewing conditions on cross-media color matching

Huang¹,

He²,

Guo³

et al. 2019

Optica Applicata

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigated observer metamerism under a variety of viewing conditions, in a set of color-matching experiments using displays and printed color samples under specific light sources. A selection was made of light sources with different illuminances, spectral power distributions, and correlated color temperatures, as well as displays with different sets of primaries. A panel of 157 observers with normal color vision and ages between 20 and 59 years old performed 5465 visual color matches around 9 different color centers. The results from the simulated and real experiments were quite different. Specifically, the mean color difference from the mean changed with experimental viewing conditions, ranging from 0.73 to 1.64 CIELAB units (average 0.99 CIELAB units) in simulated experiments, and from 3.12 to 4.03 CIELAB units (average 3.55 CIELAB units) in real experiments. In real experiments, observers' variability reduced for light sources with high illuminance and high correlated color temperature. Spectral power distributions affected observer metamerism, but the role played by the primaries of the two displays employed was unclear.

show abstract

Effect of primary peak wavelength and stimulus size on metameric failure through color difference evaluations

Huang,

Gao,

Wei

et al. 2023

Color Research & Application

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tristimulus values and chromaticities, which are derived using the color matching functions (CMFs), are commonly used for color characterization, calibration, and specifications, with the stimuli having the same values believed to have the same color appearance (i.e., metameric match). Many studies, however, found that the stimuli having the same tristimulus values do not appear the same (known as metameric failure) due to the failure of CMFs in accurately characterizing the color matching mechanisms. Most past work investigated the performance of different CMFs through color matching experiments, with a smaller chromaticity or calculated color difference between the reference and test stimuli suggesting a better performance. Such differences, however, may not accurately characterize the performance of the CMFs, since the color spaces or chromaticity diagrams may not be uniform, in terms of the threshold of noticeable color difference. In this study, the human observers evaluated the perceived color difference between pairs of stimuli, which were calibrated to have the same tristimulus values calculated using the CIE 1931 2° CMFs, with two sizes of field of view (FOV). The results clearly suggested that the stimuli having the same tristimulus values may not always appear the same, which depended on the primaries and the FOV. More importantly, the results clearly suggested that the chromaticity differences from color matching experiments may overestimate the metameric failure, especially when the color differences were small.

show abstract

Color matching experiment for highlighting interobserver variability

Cited by 35 publications

References 20 publications

Floral Diversity of Pollen Collected by Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.) – Validation of the Chromatic Assessment Method

Floral Diversity of Pollen Collected by Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.) – Validation of the Chromatic Assessment Method

Influence of viewing conditions on cross-media color matching

Effect of primary peak wavelength and stimulus size on metameric failure through color difference evaluations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About