Colorectal Cancer: Association Between Sociodemographic Variables and the Adherence to Cancer Screening

Abstract

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a worldwide health problem whose control depends on public policy establishment and effective prevention and screening programs. In Brazil, there are few studies related to adherence to screening methods. AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between demographic and socioeconomic to adherence to CRC screening with fecal immunochemical test (FIT) among average-risk individuals for CRC. METHODS: In this prospective cross-sectional study, conducted between March 2015 and April 2016, 1,254 asymptomatic individuals aged 50–75 years, participating in a hospital screening campaign in Brazil, were invited to participate in the study. RESULTS: The adherence rate to FIT was 55.6% (697/1,254). In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, patients aged 60–75 years (odds ratio (OR)=1.30; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02–1.66; p=0.03), religious belief (OR=2.04; 95% CI: 1.34–3.11; p<0.01), previous fecal occult blood test (OR=2.07; 95% CI: 1.55–2.76; p<0.01), and full/part-time working status (OR=0.66; 95% CI: 0.49–0.89; p<0.01) were independently associated with adherence to CRC screening. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study highlight the importance of considering the labor aspects when implementing screening programs, suggesting that campaigns conducted in the workplace and repeated over the years may be more effective.

Laparoscopic Right and Left Colectomy: Which Provides Better Postoperative Results for Oncology Patients?

“…Of the most recent literature found, the first four studies primarily evaluated the open surgery and the last three evaluated the laparoscopic ( Table 7 ). Of the four studies that compared RC to open LC 1 , 6 , 9 , 11 , three were population-based with a large number of patients. Only Kwaan et al 10 included 42% of laparoscopic colorectal surgeries.…”

“…The overall mortality rate in our study was 1.7%, considered high as compared to other studies in the literature with laparoscopic resections, which ranged from 0.5 to 1.5% 3 , 14 , 16 . However, it can be justified by the patients' delay in searching for a diagnosis and arriving at specialized medical services for treatment in a worse general condition 11 . Besides, the mortality rate for isolated RC of 3.1% is much higher than expected, which can be attributed to the smaller sample size of this group of patients (n=98) combined with the patients' worse general condition and greater comorbidities at the time of diagnosis.…”

“…Left colectomy is technically considered more difficult, as it requires colorectal or colo-colic anastomosis, which has a higher incidence of dehiscence, surgical site infection, and longer hospital stay than the right colectomy, in which ileocolic anastomosis is performed 7 , 15 , 17 , 18 . However, a few studies have compared the two procedures in relation to intraoperative complications and postoperative results 7 , 11 , 13 , 15 , and the literature becomes even scarcer if only the laparoscopic approach is considered.…”

Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Emergency Surgical Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

“…Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a well-known and common oncological disease, corresponding today to one of the most frequent malignant tumors worldwide 25 . In 2018, approximately 1.8 million new cases were diagnosed in the world, and approximately 881,000 deaths occurred, accounting for almost 10% of the total number of deaths when considering all malignant tumors 7 , 13 .…”

“…Individuals in whom CRC is diagnosed in the early stages have higher rates of overall survival and disease-free survival, as well as a lower chance of recurrence and complications related to neoplasia 25 . Unfortunately, CRC presents as an emergency in a wide range of patients (from 7 to 40% of the total), but the vast majority of reports present a rate of approximately 30% 33 .…”