Colorectal Cancer: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches

Barresi, Valeria

doi:10.3390/biomedicines9121858

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…CRC involves various pathophysiological mechanisms, such as cell differentiation, abnormal cell proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, invasion of adjacent structures, and distant metastasis (Figure 2) [18,19], as well as molecular alterations involving certain genes and the interaction of multiple signaling pathways with a complex mechanism that is not yet well understood [20]. Understanding these pathways is crucial for the development of targeted therapies and more effective treatment strategies.…”

Section: Molecular Complexity Of Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarker Identification through Proteomics in Colorectal Cancer

Martín-García,

García-Aranda,

Redondo

2024

IJMS

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a devastating disease that ranks third in diagnosis and as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The early detection of CRC has been shown to be the most effective strategy to improve treatment outcomes and patient survival. Therefore, current lines of research focus on the development of reliable diagnostic tools. Targeted therapies, in combination with standard chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors, have emerged as promising treatment protocols in CRC. However, their effectiveness is linked to the molecular characteristics of each patient. The importance of discovering biomarkers that help predict response to therapies and assess prognosis is evident as they allow for a fundamental step towards personalized care and successful treatments. Among the ongoing efforts to identify them, mass spectrometry-based translational proteomics presents itself as a unique opportunity as it enables the discovery and application of protein biomarkers that may revolutionize the early detection and treatment of CRC. Our objective is to show the most recent studies focused on the identification of CRC-related protein markers, as well as to provide an updated view of advances in the field of proteomics and cancer.

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Section: Molecular Complexity Of Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarker Identification through Proteomics in Colorectal Cancer

Martín-García,

García-Aranda,

Redondo

2024

IJMS

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“…Colorectal carcinogenesis entails a series of pathophysiological mechanisms, such as abnormal cell proliferation, cell differentiation, resistance to apoptosis, invasion of adjacent structures by colorectal tumor cells, and distant metastasis [ 4 , 5 ]. A variety of genes and the interaction of multiple signaling pathways have been implicated in colorectal oncogenesis, but this complex mechanism remains incompletely understood [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Oncogenesis In Colorectal Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal Cancer: From Risk Factors to Oncogenesis

Ionescu,

Gheorghe,

Bacalbasa

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Numerous pathophysiological mechanisms, such as abnormal cell proliferation, cell differentiation, resistance to apoptosis, invasion of structures adjacent to colorectal tumor cells, and distant metastasis, are involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. These processes are initiated by the complex interaction of a number of genetic and environmental factors, including sedentary lifestyle, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, or gut microbiota. Despite the significant progress achieved in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of patients with colorectal cancer, there has been recently a noteworthy increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer in individuals below the age of 50 years. Early-onset colorectal cancer has a different frequency of oncogenic mutations, a higher prevalence of mucinous histology, a distinct deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation profile, a more distal location, and lower survival rates. A significant improvement in the prognosis of these patients can be achieved through the detection and removal of modifiable risk factors, along with the implementation of personalized screening strategies for individuals at high risk for this malignancy. Furthermore, gaining comprehension of the pathophysiological mechanisms by which these risk factors contribute to the process of oncogenesis may facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic targets.

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“…Early diagnosis is pivotal for improving prognosis in rectal cancer: the 5-year relative survival rate for stage I stands at 90%, while the 5-year relative survival rate for stage IV colorectal cancer with distant metastases is only 12% [3]. While pathological TNM stage, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion (PNI), and tumor differentiation are valuable prognostic indicators [4][5][6], these can be confirmed only post-surgery. If such critical prognostic information could be obtained preop-eratively, it would revolutionize treatment decisions and enhance prognostic predictability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The correlation between time-intensity curve parameters of transrectal contrast-enhanced ultrasound and pathological prognostic factors in rectal adenocarcinoma

Su,

Huang,

Huang

et al. 2024

Med Ultrason

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Aims: To investigate the correlation between time-intensity curve (TIC) parameters obtained from transrectal contrast-enhanced ultrasound (TR-CEUS) and important pathological prognostic factors in rectal adenocarcinoma.Material and methods: We retrospectively included 477 patients with pathologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma. TIC parameters were derived from preoperative dynamic TR-CEUS images. These parameters included peak intensity (PI), time to peak (TTP),mean transit time (MTT), slope (S), and area under the curve (AREA). Pathological prognostic factors included TN stage, tumor diameter, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), perineural invasion, and tumor differentiation. Spearman’s correlation analysis and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the association between TIC parameters and pathological prognostic factors.Results: pT1-2 stages rectal carcinomas exhibited higher PI-max, PI-min, S-max, S-min, AREA-max, and AREA-min than pT3-4 stages (all p<0.05). pN0 stage rectal adenocarcinomas displayed higher PI-max, S-max, AREA-max, PI-ratio, Sratio, and AREA-ratio than pN1-2 stage (all p<0.05). PI-ratio and S-ratio were higher in the LVI-negative and tumor diameter ≥4cm group compared to the LVI-positive and tumor diameter <4cm group, respectively (p<0.05). Well-differentiated rectal adenocarcinomas displayed higher PI-max, AREA-max, PI-ratio, S-ratio, and AREA-ratio than the moderate-poor differentiated group (all p<0.05). PI-max, S-max, AREA-max, PI-ratio, S-ratio, and AREA-ratio were negatively correlated with pN stage (all p<0.05). PI-ratio and S-ratio were independent predictive factors for the pN stage (OR=0.774, OR=1.048). S-ratio and AREA-ratio were independent predictive factors for tumor differentiation (OR=1.071, OR=0.911).Conclusions: TIC parameters derived from TR-CEUS exhibit correlations with specific pathological prognostic factors in rectal adenocarcinomas. This non-invasive method may hold promise for preoperatively assessing the prognosis of rectal adenocarcinoma patients.

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Colorectal Cancer: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches

Abstract: According to the Global Cancer Statistics 2020, colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the third most frequent malignancy worldwide, and is the second in terms of mortality [...]

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Biomarker Identification through Proteomics in Colorectal Cancer

Biomarker Identification through Proteomics in Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal Cancer: From Risk Factors to Oncogenesis

The correlation between time-intensity curve parameters of transrectal contrast-enhanced ultrasound and pathological prognostic factors in rectal adenocarcinoma

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