Colorectal cancer liver metastasis trends in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Hassanain, Mazen; Al-Alem, Faisal; Simoneau, Ève; Traiki, Thamer A. Bin; Alsaif, Faisal; Alsharabi, A.; Al-Faris, Heba; Alsaleh, Khalid

doi:10.4103/1319-3767.191142

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…With an increasing incidence rate and poor prognosis, CRC is commonly considered a devastating disease (2). By 2030, 2.2 million new cases and 1.1 million cases of mortality are predicted to occur, a situation that is responsible for the rising global burden of CRC (23). Although numerous studies have reported that unhealthy dietary habits, environmental changes and genetic aberrancies may be the primary causes of CRC, the precise molecular events orchestrating CRC initiation and progression remain elusive (24,25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of crucial genes and pathways associated with colorectal cancer by bioinformatics analysis

Liu

Qiao

et al. 2020

Oncol Lett

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent malignant tumour type arising from the colon and rectum. The present study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of the development and progression of CRC. Initially, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CRC tissues and corresponding non-cancerous tissues were obtained by analysing the GSE15781 microarray dataset. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery was then utilized for functional and pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs. Subsequently, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes and Proteins database and visualized by Cytoscape software. Furthermore, CytoNCA, a Cytoscape plugin, was used for centrality analysis of the PPI network to identify crucial genes. Finally, UALCAN was employed to validate the expression of the crucial genes and to estimate their effect on the survival of patients with colon cancer by Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests. A total of 1,085 DEGs, including 496 upregulated and 589 downregulated genes, were screened out. The DEGs identified were enriched in various pathways, including 'metabolic pathway', 'cell cycle', 'DNA replication', 'nitrogen metabolism', 'p53 signalling' and 'fatty acid degradation'. PPI network analysis suggested that interleukin-6, MYC, NOTCH1, inhibin subunit βA (INHBA), CDK1, cyclin (CCN)B1 and CCNA2 were crucial genes, and their expression levels were markedly upregulated. Survival analysis suggested that upregulated INHBA significantly decreased the survival probability of patients with CRC. Conversely, upregulation of CCNB1 and CCNA2 expression levels were associated with increased survival probabalities. The identified DEGs, particularly the crucial genes, may enhance the current understanding of the genesis and progression of CRC, and certain genes, including INHBA, CCNB1 and CCNA2, may be candidate diagnostic and prognostic markers, as well as targets for the treatment of CRC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of crucial genes and pathways associated with colorectal cancer by bioinformatics analysis

Liu

Qiao

et al. 2020

Oncol Lett

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“…Saudi authors, who also marked the growing CRC incidence in the country last years, reported almost similar data on the tumor sites distribution: rectum 28.1% and sigmoid 37.7% with a negligible proportion of the ascending colon. 24 In order to get an overall idea on our current situation with CRC incidence rates, the same indices throughout other countries from different world regions were being compared. Reportedly, as of 2016 across the European high-income countries, CRC incidence rates were 38.9 in Norway and 29.2 in Sweden, whereas in Finland, where a national organized program was available, they were 23.5, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in colorectal cancer incidence in western Kazakhstan through the first decade of the screening implementation, 2009‒2018

Balmagambetova

Bhat

Koyshybaev

et al. 2020

Journal of Coloproctology

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Introduction The study is aimed to outline the vector of colorectal cancer incidence in the industrial Aktobe province of western Kazakhstan through the first decade of the screening implementation, 2009–2018. Methods Rough incidence rates and annual percent changes were estimated for each age group at diagnosis, ethnicities, gender, residences, the disease stages and anatomic subsites (total N 1128) via regression analysis. Results Within 2009–2018 colorectal cancer rates increased from 14.74 to 23.19, with annual percent changes of 4.69%. The most significant growth was traced in men compared to women, up to 28.39 by 2018, with annual percent changes 6.64% vs. 2.64% (p = 0.0009). Annual percent changes in Kazakhs reached 8.7%, whereas Slavic groups showed decline in the incidence, annual percent changes −4.3% (p = 0.002). Declining in rates was also observed in urban population compared to rural one, annual percent changes −3.3% vs. 17.6%, respectively. Patients aged 60–69 made 31% of all cases and showed the largest annual percent changes 9.37% (p = 0.002). Patients at Stage II made 61% of all observations, but general trend evidenced sharp growth in the group of Stage I (annual percent changes 28.91%, p < 0.0001). Conclusion Overall, during the last decade colorectal cancer incidence increased 1.5 fold with expected further rise. However, the increment of Stage I portion by 2018 vs. advanced stages at diagnosis and the trend to decrease in rates among urban population inspire a definite assurance in potential efficiency of the screening program in long run. The next researches on colorectal cancer should include scenarios to reveal the role of disadvantaged environment in the region and consuming unhealthy ultra-processed food.

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“…The global burden of CRC is rising, with 2.2 million new cases (and 1.1 million deaths) predicted to occur by 2030 [ 12 ]. Numerous studies showed that unhealthy dietary habits and environmental changes might be the primary causes of CRC; however, the molecular events controlling CRC development and progression remain unclear [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RACK1 Acts as a Potential Tumor Promoter in Colorectal Cancer

et al. 2019

Gastroenterology Research and Practice

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Background. The receptor of activated protein kinase C 1 (RACK1) promotes the progression and invasion of several cancers. However, the role of RACK1 in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) has not been clearly defined. Herein, we aimed to investigate the biological role of RACK1 in CRC. Materials and Methods. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset were searched, and the expression of RACK1 in CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues was evaluated. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of RACK1 in human CRC, adenoma, and normal tissues. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of RACK1 in human CRC cell lines. Functional assays, such as BrdU, colony formation, and wound healing and transwell invasion assays, were used to explore the biological role of RACK1 in CRC. Results. RACK1 was upregulated in CRC tissues compared with its expression in adjacent normal tissues in TCGA and the GEO dataset (P<0.05). Moreover, RACK1 was significantly overexpressed in CRC and adenoma tissues compared with its expression in normal tissues (P<0.05). Loss-of-function experiments showed that RACK1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Conclusions. Our data indicated that RACK1, as an oncogene, markedly promoted the progression of CRC, which suggested that RACK1 is a potential therapeutic target for CRC management.

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Colorectal cancer liver metastasis trends in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Identification of crucial genes and pathways associated with colorectal cancer by bioinformatics analysis

Identification of crucial genes and pathways associated with colorectal cancer by bioinformatics analysis

Trends in colorectal cancer incidence in western Kazakhstan through the first decade of the screening implementation, 2009‒2018

RACK1 Acts as a Potential Tumor Promoter in Colorectal Cancer

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