Colorectal cancer occurs earlier in those exposed to tobacco smoke: implications for screening

Peppone, Luke Joseph; Mahoney, Martin C.; Cummings, K. Michael; Michalek, Arthur M.; Reid, Mary E.; Moysich, Kirsten B.; Hyland, Andrew

doi:10.1007/s00432-007-0332-8

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…39,40 Another study found that individuals with heavy, long-term tobacco smoke exposure were significantly younger at the time of colorectal cancer diagnosis compared to lifelong never smokers, and screening for colorectal cancer was suggested 5e10 years earlier for persons with a significant lifetime history of exposure to tobacco smoke. 41 By a cohort study, smoking was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer mortality. 42,43 Because the age of colorectal cancer patients is younger in smokers and the mortality rate is also higher in smokers, the colorectal cancer screening strategy should be considered 5e10 years earlier than the average risk population.…”

Section: Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer: From Epidemiology to Bench

Wei

Lin

Chang

2011

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine

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Section: Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer: From Epidemiology to Bench

Wei

Lin

Chang

2011

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Medicine

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“…The causal relation between cigarette smoking and colorectal carcinogenesis has been well established recently (19,20). Tobacco-derived nitrosamines and heterocyclic amines are likely causative agents (33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39). The carcinogens responsible for carcinomas arising in intestinal segments used for urinary conduits are unknown but renal metabolism and urinary excretion of tobacco-derived chemicals is an important route of elimination of these substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal adenocarcinoma arising in urinary conduits

Moyer

Grubb²,

Johnson

2011

Oncol Rep

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Abstract. It is estimated that >10,000 patients who undergo cystectomy for bladder cancer in the US each year receive a conventional ileal conduit and that >2,000 receive a continent urinary diversion. Case reports of primary intestinal adenocarcinomas in urinary conduits have been published recently, mainly in the urology literature. An epidemic of such cancers in this small, high-risk population seems to be emerging, particularly in conduits that utilize the colon. A case report and literature review was carried out. We describe a patient with a new primary adenocarcinoma arising in a colonic neobladder. We summarize prior literature describing intestinal adenocarcinomas that developed in an intestinal segment used for urinary diversion. Patients with urinary conduits of all types (particularly those utilizing colon rather than ileum) are at high risk of developing a second primary intestinal adenocarcinoma in the conduit. This population is likely to benefit from surveillance measures aimed at detecting such cancers. The primary form of therapy remains adequate surgical resection. General surgeons should be aware of such patients as they may be involved in the diagnosis of, and surgery for, the cancer in the conduit. IntroductionIn 2008, the World Health Organization projected that cancer would become the leading cause of death in the world (1). Carcinoma of the urinary bladder is the ninth most commonly diagnosed type of cancer in the world (2). Over 70,000 people in the US develop this cancer every year (3) and the incidence is projected to increase (4). Comparable data are reported from other wealthy nations (5). In the US and most other countries, tobacco abuse is the main known environmental risk factor for the development of bladder cancer (6-8). The incidence in smokers is estimated to be two to three times as great as the incidence in non-smokers. In countries where S. haematobium is endemic, bladder infestation is the leading cause (2). In river basins draining the Himalayas (e.g., India, Pakistan, Myanmar, Vietnam), the groundwater contains high concentrations of arsenic, which is a major cause of bladder carcinoma (9). Additional known etiologic agents include exposure to certain aromatic amines such as those found in dyes and rubber, the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide, ionizing radiation, and various textiles and metals (7,10,11).Colorectal carcinoma is the third most commonly diagnosed type of cancer in the world (1). Over 150,000 people in the US develop cancer of the colon or rectum every year (12). Adenomas arising in subjects without known polyposis syndromes are the most common precursor lesion. Hamartomas are also welldescribed precursor lesions, as in Peutz-Jehgers syndrome. Other known causes of colorectal cancer include hereditary polyposis syndromes, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and ionizing radiation (13,14). Charred food and diets high in red meat and low in fiber, fruits and vegetables have been implicated as causative environmental agents (15-17). There...

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“…In addition to the studies reviewed previously (Sandler et al 1988;Gerhardsson de Verdier et al, 1992;Mao et.al., 2002), ten new studies have been identified: two cohort (Nishino et al, 2001;Hooker et al, 2008; Table 2.13 available at http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/ vol100E/100E-02-Table2.13.pdf); seven casecontrol (Sandler et al, 1985a, b;Slattery et al, 2003;Lilla et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2006;Duan et al, 2009;Verla-Tebit et al, 2009; Table 2.14 available at http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/ Monographs/vol100E/100E-02-Table2.14.pdf) and one case-only study (Peppone et al, 2008; Four studies investigated risk for cancer or the colon and/or rectum by sex. Sandler et al (1988) reported an increased risk for colorectal cancer in men (RR 3.0; 95%CI: 1.8-5.0) but a protective effect in women (RR 0.7; 95%CI: 0.6-1.0).…”

Section: Cancers Of the Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hooker et al (2008) When analysing different sources of exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke, Verla-Tebit et al (2009) found no evidence of an increased risk for cancer of the colorectum associated with exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke specifically during childhood or at work, but observed a significant increase in risk associated with spousal exposure. Peppone et al (2008) noted that considerable exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke, especially during childhood, was more likely to lead to an earlier-age diagnosis of cancer of the colorectum.…”

Section: Cancers Of the Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondhand Tobacco Smoke

2011

Encyclopedia of Cancer

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Colorectal cancer occurs earlier in those exposed to tobacco smoke: implications for screening

Abstract: Background-Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the USA. While various lifestyle factors have been shown to alter the risk for colorectal cancer, recommendations for the early detection of CRC are based only on age and family history.

Cited by 27 publications

References 49 publications

Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer: From Epidemiology to Bench

Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer: From Epidemiology to Bench

Intestinal adenocarcinoma arising in urinary conduits

Secondhand Tobacco Smoke

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