“…Recent advances in computer processing lead more AI methodologies for big data processing. In that context, deep learning, a branch AI that is capable of extracting features automatically for the classification, regression, segmentation and prediction, has been employed in many applications, including image processing (Gölcez, Kiliç, & Şen, 2021;Volkan Kılıç, Mercan, Tetik, Kap, & Horzum, 2022), video processing (Aydın, Çaylı, Kılıç, & Onan, 2022), speech recognition (Volkan Kılıç, Barnard, Wang, & Kittler, 2013), medical image analysis Kökten & Kılıç, 2021;Şen et al, 2022), computer vision (Volkan Kılıç, 2021, face recognition , advanced vehicle driving assist (Betül, Çaylı, Kılıç, & Onan, 2022), audio analysis (Keskin, Çaylı, Moral, Kılıç, & Onan, 2021), object detection (Liu et al, 2020) and natural language processing (Fetiler, Çaylı, Moral, Kılıç, & Onan, 2021). In addition, deep learning architectures include CNNs , Recurrent Neural Networks (Mercan, Doğan, & Kılıç, 2020;Palaz, Doğan, & Kılıç, 2021), transformers (Sun et al, 2022), and autoencoders (Sewak, Sahay, & Rathore, 2020).…”