Coloring of Mahogany (Swietenia Macrophylla King.) on Textiles with Mordant Process and Fixation Against Fastness

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the color fastness of mahogany dye on various fabrics (cotton, rayon, silk) in response to sunlight exposure, soap washing, and staining subsequent to mordanting and fixation with alum and lime solutions. The research followed a systematic approach comprising material sorting, drying, pulverization, and powder creation and sifting. Sawdust from mahogany was subjected to Soxhlet extraction with ethanol as the medium at a temperature of 78.4℃ for a duration of 4 hours. This process yielded a filtrate, which was subsequently concentrated via distillation. Prior to the dyeing process, each fabric was mordanted using a solution of alum and lime. The dyeing process was repeated five times, after which the fabric was air-dried. The fixation process involved the immersion of cotton, rayon, and silk fabrics in various concentrations of alum and lime (40g/l, 50g/l, 60g/l, and 70g/l), followed by aeration. The UV Vis spectrometry absorbance test revealed an absorbance of 0.545A for the distilled mahogany dyes, with a yield of 7.653%. Results indicated a noteworthy sunlight fastness rating of 4.8, achieved with a lime fixative solution at concentrations of 40g/l for cotton and 70g/l for silk. Soap washing resistance was found to be optimal (4.8) on silk fabric treated with lime solution at concentrations of 50g/l and 60g/l. Stain resistance was observed to be highest on rayon fabric (4.7) across all concentrations of lime solution (40g/l, 50g/l, 60g/l, and 70g/l). Mahogany dyeing with an alum solution fixative tended to yield a brown color on cotton and rayon, while silk fabric displayed an orange hue. On silk fabrics, the application of a lime fixative solution resulted in a dark brown color at a lime concentration of 70g/l. This study provides insights into the color fastness of mahogany dye on different fabrics and the influence of various mordanting and fixation solutions, contributing to the broader understanding of natural dye application in textile.