Colostrum and milk pasteurization improve health status and decrease mortality in neonatal calves receiving appropriate colostrum ingestion

Armengol, Ramón; Fraile, Lorenzo

doi:10.3168/jds.2015-10728

Cited by 32 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In the present study calves with higher serum IgG concentration had less diarrhea incidence and fecal score (Table 4). Armengol and Fraile (2016) in a research on 287 calf stated a reduction in terms of morbidity (9.8%) and mortality (3.7%) in calves fed heated (60°C for 60 min) colostrum and milk in comparison with animals receiving unheated colostrum and milk during the first 21 d of life.…”

Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of feeding heat-treated and unheated colostrum on immunoglobulin G absorption, health and performance of neonatal Holstein dairy calves

Rafiei

Ghoorchi

Toghdory

et al. 2019

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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First colostrum is an important source of nutrients and immune factors which are necessary for calves in the first weeks of life. Despite these benefits, colostrum can also represent one of the earliest potential exposures of dairy calves to infectious agents which these patogens can act directly on growth and cause diseases such as scours or septicemia. With recent increased interest in pasteurized milk feeding systems, producers have been curious to learn if there may also be benefits from feeding pasteurized colostrum. This study was realized to determine the effects of feeding heat-treated colostrum or unheated colostrum on passive transfer of immunity, immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration, total plate count, health and performance of neonatal dairy calves. First-milking colostrum was collected from Holstein cows and frozen at-20°C to accumulate a large batch. Pooled batches of colostrum were mixed and divided equally: One half was fed unheated colostrum; whereas the other half was fed after heat treatment at 60°C for 30 min. Forty newborn male Holstein dairy calves were fed either unheated (n = 20) and heat-treated colostrum (n = 20), 10% of their birth weight. Calves received 4 L within 1 to 2h after birth and residuals was fed 6h after birth. Serum samples collected from calves and were assayed for serum total protein (STP) and IgG. Feed intake recorded weekly and body weight and skeletal growth measures recorded at d 3 and d 63 (weaning). Every day, calves clinically diagnosed either as being healthy or suffering from respiratory disease and neonatal calf diarrhea. Heat-treated colostrum resulted in lower colostrum bacterial concentration (2.01 vs. 3.96 cfu mL-1). Calves fed heat treated colostrum had greater STP in 24, 72h and 23d, IgG concentrations at 24 and 72h plus unheated colostrum. Also weaning weight and average daily gain were greater in calves feed heated colostrum. There were no differences in starter intake and feed efficiency between two groups. Calves fed heat-treated colostrum had lower fecal scores, diarrhea and pneumonia incidence. There were not differences in skeletal growth measurements except body barrel. These results shows that feeding heated colostrum can provide better growth and health in neonatal calves.

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Section: Parametermentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of feeding heat-treated and unheated colostrum on immunoglobulin G absorption, health and performance of neonatal Holstein dairy calves

Rafiei

Ghoorchi

Toghdory

et al. 2019

Acta Sci. Anim. Sci.

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“…Newborn calves were removed from the pen immediately after calving to avoid suckling. The first phase of the study [17] was completed at 21 days of life. In this follow-up study, only female Holsteins entered the second phase of the study at 22 days of life, when the first grouping occurred.…”

Section: Animals and Farmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These females were already randomly assigned to two groups at first colostrum intake (≤3 h after birth): NP (non-pasteurized colostrum and milk) and P (pasteurized colostrum and milk). Colostrum collected at the first milking was tested for quality (specific gravity ≥ 1.065) as described in a previous paper [17]. Female calves assigned to the NP Group (n = 148) were fed frozen (−20 • C) colostrum that was previously reheated to 40 • C (6-8 L during the first 12 h of life).…”

Section: Animals and Farmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pasteurization techniques for colostrum and cow's milk differ from those used for human consumption, since exceedingly high temperatures can denature proteins, such as immunoglobulins in the case of colostrum, affecting its potential to fulfil its main objective, namely passive transfer immunity [5]. Moreover, colostrum and milk pasteurization has been demonstrated to reduce bacterial contamination [5,14,15], increase IgG transfer [5,16], improve health status and decrease mortality during the first weeks of a calf's life [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feeding Calves with Pasteurized Colostrum and Milk Has a Positive Long-Term Effect on Their Productive Performance

Armengol

Fraile

2020

Animals

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Female calves, checked for serum total protein ≥ 5.8 g/dL before 5 days of life, entered the study at 22 days of age after having received pasteurized colostrum and milk (P group, n = 127), or non-pasteurized colostrum and milk (NP group, n = 134). During the heifer-rearing period, productive (body weight; BW) and health parameters (bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and diarrhea) were recorded. Productive (305-d milk yield), reproductive (AI per pregnancy and calving interval), and health parameters (milk somatic cell count; SCC/mL), as well as age at culling, were recorded in a follow-up study. Feeding on-farm pasteurized colostrum and milk during the first 21 days of life reduced morbidity of bovine respiratory disease during the first year of life and diarrhea during the first 180 days of life. Moreover, it increased BW at calving during the first three lactations. It also significantly increases milk production during the first lactation. However, there were no differences in relation to reproductive performance and health of cows in the NP or P group. These results highlight that feeding calves with pasteurized colostrum and milk could improve health and production parameters throughout the heifer-rearing process and during their first lactation.

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“…Mycoplasma and other bacterial pathogens ingested in the milk can also spread hematogenously to the lungs, where they cause respiratory disease (Callan and Garry, 2002). A study from Spain found decreased morbidity and mortality in calves with adequate transfer of passive immunity (≥5.8 g/dL serum total protein) during the first 3 wk of life that were fed heat-treated colostrum and pasteurized milk versus those that received nonheat-treated colostrum and nonpasteurized milk (Armengol and Fraile, 2016). A separate study by Godden et al (2005) found a higher risk of pneumonia in calves fed milk replacer than for calves fed pasteurized waste milk.…”

Section: Feedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management factors associated with bovine respiratory disease in preweaned calves on California dairies: The BRD 100 study

Maier

Love

Karle

et al. 2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine how management practices on California dairies may be associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in preweaned calves. A convenience sample of 100 dairies throughout California, providing a study population of 4,636 calves, were visited between May 2014 and April 2016. During each farm visit, in-person interviews with the herd manager or calf caretaker were conducted to collect information about herd demographics, maternity pen, colostrum and calf management, herd vaccinations, and dust abatement. A random sample of preweaned calves was identified and evaluated for the presence of BRD using a standardized tool. A survey-adjusted generalized linear mixed model with a logit link function was fitted with calf as the unit of analysis and dairy as the random effect. Mean study herd size (±SE) was 1,718 (±189.9) cows. Survey-adjusted estimates of breed types in the sample were 81.6% (±0.6) Holstein, 13.1% (±0.4) Jersey, and 5.3% (±0.5) crossbred or other purebred breeds, and calf sex proportions were 73.8% (±1.0) female and 26.2% (±1.0) male. Overall survey-adjusted BRD prevalence in the study herds was 6.91% (±0.69). Housing factors positively associated with BRD were metal hutches compared with wood hutches [odds ratio (OR) = 11.19; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.80-44.78], calf-to-calf contact in calves >75 d of age (OR = 9.95, 95% CI = 1.50-65.86), feeding Holstein calves <2.84 L of milk or replacer per day (OR = 7.16, 95% CI = 1.23-41.68), and lagoon water used for flushing manure under hutches compared with no flush (OR = 12.06, 95% CI = 1. 93-75.47). Providing extra shade over hutches (OR = 0.08; 95% CI = 0.02-0.37), feeding calves at least 90% saleable milk (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.13-0.54) or pasteurized milk (OR = 0.10; 95% CI = 0.03-0.36), and feeding >5.68 L of milk or replacer per day to Jersey calves (OR = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.01-0.28) were negatively associated with BRD. Our study identified management practices on California dairies with variability and that may contribute to differences in BRD prevalence, which will be incorporated into a risk-assessment tool to control and prevent BRD in preweaned dairy calves.

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Colostrum and milk pasteurization improve health status and decrease mortality in neonatal calves receiving appropriate colostrum ingestion

Cited by 32 publications

References 37 publications

Effect of feeding heat-treated and unheated colostrum on immunoglobulin G absorption, health and performance of neonatal Holstein dairy calves

Effect of feeding heat-treated and unheated colostrum on immunoglobulin G absorption, health and performance of neonatal Holstein dairy calves

Feeding Calves with Pasteurized Colostrum and Milk Has a Positive Long-Term Effect on Their Productive Performance

Management factors associated with bovine respiratory disease in preweaned calves on California dairies: The BRD 100 study

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