Colostrum Enhances the Nutritional Stimulation of Vital Organ Protein Synthesis in Neonatal Pigs , ,

Burrin, Douglas G.; Davis, Teresa A.; Ebner, Sylvie; Schoknecht, Patricia A.; Fiorotto, Marta L.; Reeds, Peter J.

doi:10.1093/jn/127.7.1284

Cited by 51 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The mature sow's milk composition was reproduced in the experimental formula to not denature the newborn piglet model. Natural milk is a source of different nutrients and bioactive factors that are not found in formula (39)(40)(41). However, natural milk is low in LCn-3PUFAs, and these are now frequently added to formula to meet requirements for neural and visual development (42)(43)(44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-chain n-3 fatty acids enhance neonatal insulin-regulated protein metabolism in piglets by differentially altering muscle lipid composition

Bergeron

Julien

Davis

et al. 2007

Journal of Lipid Research

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This study investigated the role of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFAs) of muscle phospholipids in the regulation of neonatal metabolism. Twentyeight piglets were weaned at 2 days of age and raised on one of two milk formulas that consisted of either a control formula supplying 0% or a formula containing 3.5% LCn3PUFAs until 10 or 28 days of age. There was a developmental decline in the insulin sensitivity of amino acid disposal in control pigs during the first month of life, with a slope of 22.24 mmol·kg 21 ·h 21 (P 5 0.01) per unit of insulin increment, as assessed using hyperinsulinemic-euglycemiceuaminoacidemic clamps. LCn-3PUFA feeding blunted this developmental decline, resulting in differing insulin sensitivities (P , 0.001). When protein metabolism was assessed under parenteral feeding-induced hyperinsulinemia, LCn3PUFAs reduced by 16% whole body oxidative losses of amino acids (from 238 to 231 mmol·kg 21 ·h 21; P 5 0.06), allowing 41% more amino acids to accrete into body proteins (from 90 to 127 mmol·kg 21 ·h 21; P 5 0.06). The fractional synthetic rate of muscle mixed proteins remained unaltered by the LCn-3PUFA feeding. However, LCn-3PUFAs retarded a developmental increase in the essential-to-nonessential amino acid ratio of the muscle intracellular free pool (P 5 0.05). Overall, alterations in metabolism were concomitant with a preferential incorporation of LCn-3PUFAs into muscle total membrane phospholipids (P , 0.001), in contrast to intramuscular triglycerides. These results underscore the potential role of LCn-3PUFAs as regulators of different aspects of protein metabolism in the neonate.-Bergeron, K., P. Julien, T. A. Davis, A. Myre, and M. C. Thivierge. Long-chain n-3 fatty acids enhance neonatal insulin-regulated protein metabolism in neonate piglets by differentially modifying muscle phospholipid and intramuscular triglyceride composition. J. Lipid Res.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-chain n-3 fatty acids enhance neonatal insulin-regulated protein metabolism in piglets by differentially altering muscle lipid composition

Bergeron

Julien

Davis

et al. 2007

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…Thus, it is reasonable to ascribe a significant proportion of the increased protein synthesis to a response to nutrient intake itself. However, colostrum also contains particularly high concentrations of a wide variety of potential growthregulatory molecules, and studies in piglets (Burrin et al 1995(Burrin et al , 1997aFig. 5) have shown that some, but not all, tissues increase their rate of protein synthesis to a greater extent when the animal receives colostrum than when it receives an equal amount of nutrients provided in a formula.…”

Section: Feeding Protein Turnover and Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein nutrition of the neonate

et al. 2000

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The period of growth and development between birth and weaning is crucial for the long-term well-being of the organism. Protein deposition is very rapid, is achieved with a high nutritional efficiency, and is accompanied by marked differences in the growth rates of individual tissues and a series of maturational processes. These important aspects of development occur while the neonate is consuming a single and highly-specific food source, milk. Surprisingly, although there is a clear relationship between the nutrient density of milk and the growth rate of its recipient, this relationship does not apply to the overall amino acid composition of mixed milk proteins. Some amino acids, notably glycine and arginine, are supplied in milk in quantities that are much less than the needs of the neonate. The milk-fed neonate is therefore capable of carrying out a tightly-regulated transfer of N from amino acids in excess to those that are deficient. The rapid growth of the neonate is supported by a high rate of tissue protein synthesis. This process appears to be activated by the consumption of the first meals of colostrum. Recent research has identified that skeletal muscle and the brain are specifically responsive to an unidentified factor in colostrum. Following the initial anabolic response the rate of protein synthesis in some tissues, notably muscle, falls from birth to weaning. This decrease reflects a progressively smaller anabolic response to nutrient intake, which not only involves an overall fall in the capacity for protein synthesis, but also in responses to insulin and amino acids. The study of growth and protein metabolism, and their regulation in the neonate is not only important for pediatrics, but may provide important pointers to more general aspects of regulation that could be applied to the nutrition of the mature animal.

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“…Colostrum and its beneficial effects have been well known for centuries, but only in recent times have studies analyzed the biological components responsible for its unique activities (Burrin et al, 1997;Koletzko et al, 1998). Colostrum properties include effects on protection and maturation of the gastrointestinal tract (Blum and Hammon, 2000a;Walker, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological components in a standardized derivative of bovine colostrum

Sacerdote

Mussano

Franchi

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

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Products of different origin, time of collection, and activities fall under the general term of colostrum and, therefore, great variability in composition as well as in the concentration of its components has been reported in the literature. In the present study, we describe the standardization of a bovine colostrum derivative and the characterization of its bioactive components. Evaluation of the most representative agents (lactoferrin, transferrin, IL-2, IFN-γ, tumor necrosis factor, IgG, and IgA) showed that a marked decrease in active components occurs after the first few hours. Bovine colostrum was, therefore, collected up to the fifth hour after delivery from Holstein cows, in the presence of preservatives, and immediately frozen. A protocol of centrifugation, filtration, and lyophilization was then applied to pools of colostrum from at least 30 cows to obtain a stable, sterile, standardized product. Preservatives were removed by dialysis. Evaluation of the active biological components of colostrum showed that the final product of colostrums contained significant and reproducible amounts of bioactive factors, including cytokines, immunomodulating factors, growth factors, and immunoglobulins. The final product appeared, therefore, as a sterile, pyrogen-free, standardized derivative of bovine colostrum with a high concentration of bioactive components.

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Colostrum Enhances the Nutritional Stimulation of Vital Organ Protein Synthesis in Neonatal Pigs , ,

Cited by 51 publications

References 22 publications

Long-chain n-3 fatty acids enhance neonatal insulin-regulated protein metabolism in piglets by differentially altering muscle lipid composition

Long-chain n-3 fatty acids enhance neonatal insulin-regulated protein metabolism in piglets by differentially altering muscle lipid composition

Protein nutrition of the neonate

Biological components in a standardized derivative of bovine colostrum

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