Colour accumulation patterns and the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in ‘Red Delicious’ apple variants

Ben-Yehudah, Gilad; Korchinsky, Raia; Redel, Galit; Ovadya, Rinat; Oren-Shamir, Michal; Cohen, Yuval

doi:10.1080/14620316.2005.11511915

Cited by 29 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Colour somatic variation is a well studied phenomenon in plants and has been studied in many fruit crops including apple (Arakawa et al 1999;Awad et al 2000;Ben-Yehudah et al 2005), bilberry (Jaakola et al 2002), citrus (James and Howard 1989) and pear (van Dyk et al 2005). The generation of somatic coloured variants from white cultivars is a relatively common phenomenon in table grape (Franks et al 2002;Hocquigny et al 2004;Thompson and Olmo 1963).…”

Section: Molecular Basis Of Colour Somatic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Main regulatory genes associated with the control of anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants have also been identiWed as belonging to two major groups of transcription factors, the MYB and bHLH families (Borovsky et al 2004;Holton and Cornish 1995;Kobayashi et al 2002;Ozeki et al 2003;Ramsay et al 2003;Robbins et al 2003;Sainz et al 1997;Schwinn et al 2006;Spelt et al 2000). The genetic basis of colour variation is species spciWc and diVerent genes in the pathway have been found responsible for colour variation in diVerent species (Arakawa et al 1999;Awad et al 2000;Ben-Yehudah et al 2005;Jaakola et al 2002;James and Howard 1989;van Dyk et al 2005). In this work we aimed to identify the major determinants for colour variation in table grape cultivars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Molecular genetics of berry colour variation in table grape

et al. 2006

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The genetics and biochemistry of anthocyanins and flavonol biosynthesis and their role in plant organ pigmentation is well established in model species. However, the genetic basis of colour variation is species specific and understanding this variation is very relevant in many fruit and flower crop species. Among grape cultivars, there is a wide genetic variation for berry colour ranging from yellow-green ("white" cultivars) to dark blue berries. Berry colour results from the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins in the berry skin, which in plants is commonly regulated by transcription factors belonging to the MYB and bHLH families. In this work, we aimed to identify the major genetic determinants of berry colour variation in a large collection of table grape cultivars and somatic variants. The genetic analyses of berry colour in a few grape segregating progenies had previously identified a single locus on linkage group 2 responsible for colour variation. Furthermore, somatic variation for berry skin colour in cultivar Italia had been associated with the presence of a Gret1 retrotransposon in the promoter region of VvmybA1, a Myb gene whose expression is associated to skin colouration. The results show that VvmybA1 is the gene underlying the mapped locus controlling berry colour in grape. Additionally, the molecular analyses indicate that genetic and somatic berry colour variation can be associated to molecular variation at VvmybA1 in more than 95% of the analyzed cultivars. Thus, VvmybA1 is a major determinant of berry colour variation in table grape and its instability is the major cause of somatic variation for this trait.

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Section: Molecular Basis Of Colour Somatic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Molecular genetics of berry colour variation in table grape

et al. 2006

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“…Several studies have been conducted on the color variations in grape and demonstrated that mutations in MYB-related regulatory genes are responsible for the different color patterns (Kobayashi et al 2004(Kobayashi et al , 2005Lijavetzky et al 2006;Walker et al 2007;Giannetto et al 2008;Azuma 2009). Similarly, others have studied color mutants in apple (Dickinson and White 1986;Arakawa et al 1999;Awad et al 2000;Ben-Yehudah et al 2005), but have not clearly elucidated the genetic basis of these variations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Comparison of MdMYB1 sequences and expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes between Malus domestica Borkh. cultivar ‘Ralls’ and its blushed sport

Feng

Jiao

et al. 2011

Euphytica

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A mutant tree with blushed coloring pattern in fruit skin was found and identified as a bud sport of Malus domestica Borkh. cultivar 'Ralls'. This study was aimed at elucidating the genetic basis of this pattern by a comparison of 'Ralls' (striped red) with this bud sport. These two varieties were grown either under normal sunlight (control group) or the fruits were bagged during development (bagged group) and the bags were removed 1 month before harvesting. Anthocyanin content increased during fruit ripening and was higher in the blushed sport than in 'Ralls', by 57% in the control group and by 73% in the bagged group after bag removal. Correspondingly, in both the varieties transcription of six anthocyanin biosynthetic genes was coordinately up-regulated, concomitant with an increase in levels of transcripts of the regulatory gene, MdMYB1, and in general these levels were higher in the blushed sport than in ''Ralls''. However, there were no significant differences between the two varieties in the nucleotide sequences of the genomic region or coding sequence of MdMYB1; nor in the sequences of cDNAs of the other known transcription factors MdbHLH3 and MdbHLH33. Interestingly, DNA methylation in the promoter region of MdMYB1 was inversely correlated with transcript levels of MdMYB1 and was significantly lower in the blushed sport. Thus, we conclude that DNA methylation plays a role in regulating MdMYB1 expression, which in turn regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis and thereby influences the color pattern of the apples.

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“…Moreover, the polyphenol concentration in peel is much higher than in flesh tissues, with colorless procyanidin as the predominant group, followed by quercetin glycosides (Tsao et al, 2003). However, the main anthocyanin of peels is cyanidin 3-galactoside (Ben-Yehuda et al, 2005). The biosynthesis of flavonoids starts with the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway to produce 4-coumaroyl-CoA that combines with malonyl-CoA to give the backbone of all flavonoids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%