Colour Doppler Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries: A Clinical and Radiological Correlation

Garg, Shivani; Kashikar, Shivali Vaibhav; Phatak, Suresh

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2016/15426.7130

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…However, the prevalence of severe stenosis (>50%) was quite low. 12 In a study done by Gyawali et al in the Nepali population, the prevalence of <50% carotid stenosis in stroke patients was 48 (62.3%), ischemic patients who had carotid artery >50-70% stenosis were 18 (23.4%), and carotid artery stenosis >70% patients were 11 (14.3%), which was almost similar findings with our study. 3 However, higher the incidence of ischemic stroke was 46.9% in 50-69% carotid stenosis and only 25% in <50% carotid stenosis in the study done by Rajesh and Richa.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Study the carotid Doppler and computed tomography of head in ischemic stroke patients

Tilchan Pandey,

Jeevan Khanal,

Shami Pokhrel

et al. 2024

Asian J Med Sci

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Background: A stroke is an episode of acute neurological dysfunction from either ischemic infarction or a collection of blood within the brain or ventricular system with resultant focal injury of the central nervous system. The estimated global incidence of stroke is 2–3/1000 person-years, with older patients and patients with carotid artery stenosis or atrial fibrillation having the highest risk. Hence, carotid studies may help with early prevention and management in patients. Aims and Objectives: We aimed to study the prevalence of carotid artery stenosis in acute ischemic stroke and the association of risk factors. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study conducted in the department of internal medicine over a period of 6 months. It was carried out in 125 ischemic stroke patients’ inpatient departments. The ischemic stroke was established with history, examination, and computed tomography (CT) with carotid color Doppler study for percentage of stenosis. Results: The 47 (37.6%) stroke patients had carotid stenosis <50% and 78 (62.4%) had >50%; out of them, 32% (40) had (≥50–69%) stenosis, 24% (30) exhibited 70–99%, and 6.4% (8) reported total occlusion. In the CT brain, lacunar infarcts were found in 42 (33.6%), normal and middle cerebral artery infarcts in 27 (21.6%), anterior cerebral artery infarcts in 17 (13.6%), and posterior cerebral artery infarcts in 12 (9.6%). In clinical profiles, 75 (60%) patients presented with right-sided hemiparesis, 50 (40%) with left-sided hemiparesis, 62 (49.6%) with loss of consciousness, 28 (22.4%) with dizziness, and 31 (24.8%) with motor aphasia. Conventional risk factors include hypertension in 68 (54.4%), diabetes in 39 (31.2%), dyslipidemia in 58 (46.4%), heart disease in 65 (52%), and smoking in 51 (40.8%). In the present study, the majority of patients found carotid stenosis >50%, lacunar infarcts were the most common CT findings, and right hemiparesis was common paresis. Hypertension was the most common risk factor among others, and all were significant (P<0.05) for the stroke. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of carotid stenosis, with >50% in ischemic stroke patients with hypertension being the most common risk factor.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Study the carotid Doppler and computed tomography of head in ischemic stroke patients

Tilchan Pandey,

Jeevan Khanal,

Shami Pokhrel

et al. 2024

Asian J Med Sci

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“…In this study, 58% of the patients (29/50) were males and 42%of the patients were females (21/50). Garg S et al in their study found out smoking and heart disease showed maximum positive correlation with stenosis [10]. In our study hypertension showed statistical signicance with the stenosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries in Ischemic Stroke Patients Using Color Doppler Sonography and Correlation with Various Risk Factors

Pathak¹,

Gautam²,

Pathak³

2019

J Nobel Med Coll

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Background: Cerebral ischemic stroke is the major cause of death after ischemic heart disease and malignancies, among which major cases of stroke results from atherosclerosis of intra and extra-cranial carotid vessels. The aim of this study is to evaluate the extracranial carotid arteries in patients with ischemic stroke and correlation with various risk factors. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study of the patients with ischemic stroke presented in Radiology department of Nobel Medical College were evaluated for a period of one year from February 2017- January 2018 using color Doppler ultrasound and correlated with various risk factors. A total of 50 patients were included in the study. All age groups and sex were included. Results: Out of 50 patients, 29 patients (58%) were males and 21 patients (42%) were females. Stroke was present in 24 patients on right side and 26 patients on left side. A total of 36 patients had extra-cranial carotid stenosis. Among them, 18 patients had <50% stenosis, 17 patients had >50% stenosis and 1 patient had complete occlusion. The most common cause of obstruction was found to be atherosclerotic changes in the form of atheromatous plaque. Out of 50 patients 27 had history of hypertension and 19 had history of smoking. Out of 27 hypertensive patients, 23 had stenosis which is statistically significant (p value 0.024). Conclusion: The current study shows the importance of color Doppler ultrasound as an economic, safe and non-invasive method of demonstrating the cause of stroke in extra-cranial carotid artery system

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“…The collective thickness of intima and media is the distance between them. [ 63 ] The reflections of the lumen-intima should be thin, fine, straight, and parallel to the adventitial layer. [ 64 ] The measurement of the intima-media thickness of the CCA necessary to know if the presence of stroke or atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Ommon C Arotid a mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 32 ] In addition, the systolic peaks (PSV) of the CCA is moderately broad, also the quantity of flow throughout diastole is moderate too. [ 63 ]…”

Section: Ommon C Arotid a mentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of medical doppler ultrasonography of blood flow in general and especially in common carotid artery

et al. 2018

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Medical Doppler ultrasound is usually utilized in the clinical adjusting to evaluate and estimate blood flow in both the major (large) and the minor (tiny) vessels of the body. The normal and abnormal sign waveforms can be shown by spectral Doppler technique. The sign waveform is individual to each vessel. Thus, it is significant for the operator and the clinicians to understand the normal and abnormal diagnostic in a spectral Doppler show. The aim of this review is to explain the physical principles behind the medical Doppler ultrasound, also, to use some of the mathematical formulas utilized in the medical Doppler ultrasound examination. Furthermore, we discussed the color and spectral flow model of Doppler ultrasound. Finally, we explained spectral Doppler sign waveforms to show both the normal and abnormal signs waveforms that are individual to the common carotid artery, because these signs are important for both the radiologist and sonographer to perceive both the normal and abnormal in a spectral Doppler show.

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Colour Doppler Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries: A Clinical and Radiological Correlation

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Study the carotid Doppler and computed tomography of head in ischemic stroke patients

Study the carotid Doppler and computed tomography of head in ischemic stroke patients

Evaluation of Extracranial Carotid Arteries in Ischemic Stroke Patients Using Color Doppler Sonography and Correlation with Various Risk Factors

A review of medical doppler ultrasonography of blood flow in general and especially in common carotid artery

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