Colour‐switchable and photoluminescent polyvinyl chloride for multifunctional smart applications

Abstract

Recycled polyvinyl chloride (PVC) waste was used to prepare transparent materials with long-lasting phosphorescence, photochromic activity, hydrophobicity, strong optical transmission, ultraviolet (UV) light protection, and stiffness. Lanthanideactivated aluminate (LaA) microparticles were prepared using a high temperature solid-state procedure, and were subjected to top-down grinding technology to produce lanthanide-aluminate nanoparticles (LaAN). Laminated PVC bottles were shredded into a transparent plastic matrix, which was combined with LaAN and drop casted to produce smart materials for various applications. Smart windows and photochromic film for smart packaging can be made from recycled PVC waste by immobilizing it with various ratios of LaAN. Long-lasting phosphorescent translucent PVC smart windows and films need LaAN to be evenly dispersed in PVC without clumping. Different analytical methods were used to assess the material's morphological structure and chemical composition. Photoluminescence and decay spectra were all used to investigate the luminescence characteristics. In addition, the mechanical performance was studied. According to Commission Internationale de l' Eclairage laboratory colour measurements, this transparent PVC smart material becomes bright green under UV rays and turns a greenish-yellow in the dark. The PVC luminescence was observed to exhibit apparent emission bands at 429 and 513 nm when excited at 367 nm. Improvements were monitored in UV shielding and hydrophobicity when increasing the phosphor concentration. LaAN-immobilized PVC exhibited reversible photochromism. The present approach can be applied to various applications such as anticounterfeiting films for smart packaging, smart windows, and warning light marks.photoluminescence, recycled polyvinyl chloride, smart applications, SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ , UVinduced colour switching | INTRODUCTIONLight-transmitting and energy-saving materials for residential constructions have been an attractive research area monitored by scientists. [1] Glass materials allow light transmittance and have been usedin various applications such as glass windows. However, safety and cost are two considerations brought up by the brittleness of glass windows. PVC has been reported as one of the most widely produced synthetic plastic polymers, as $40 Â 10 6 tons of PVC are produced annually. PVC has demonstrated two main structural forms, including rigid and flexible. Rigid PVC has been utilized in the preparation of many products, such as pipes, plastic cards, packaging, bottles, doors,

Electrospinning of poly(ethylene oxide)/glass hybrid nanofibres for anticounterfeiting encoding

“…Fibres with a high NLA ratio (>0.9%) were observed for their slow reversibility after turning off the UV lamp, indicating extended afterglow. Figure 5 The fluorescence of NLA has been shown to occur at two different wavelengths, one strongly green at a very long wavelength and the other weakly blue at a relatively short one [24,38]. Figure 6 displays PGLS 5 luminescence spectra as a function of time.…”

Preparation of afterglow and photochromic fibrous mats from polypropylene plastics to detect ultraviolet light

“…[7,8] Due to their exceptional brightness, great recyclability, and nonradioactivity, long-persistent photoluminescent rare-earth activated aluminate nanoparticles (REANPs) have been identified as essential phosphors. [3,6,9] Technologies, including lithography, sol-gel, and chemical etching, have been used to create superhydrophobic materials. These approaches, however, have revealed challenges such as complicated procedures, time-consuming processing, and expensive instrumentation.…”

“…[ 2 ] Fluorescence is light emission that stops when the radiation source is switched off, whereas phosphorescence is afterglow light emission with durations from a fraction of second to 1 h after the radiation source is switched off. [ 3–5 ] For phosphorescence to endure for an extended time period, crystals and traps are the main components in phosphors. Light absorption is a defining feature of crystals, and the energy they release can be captured in traps.…”

Preparation of Lighting in the Dark and Photochromic Electrospun Glass Nanofiber-Reinforced Epoxy Nanocomposites Immobilized with Alkaline Earth Aluminates

“…Alkaline earth aluminates are advantageous since they are non-toxic and non-radioactive. Because of their photochromic and durable phosphorescence properties, the AEA has been favored for a wide variety of products. , It has been observed that the photochromic and long-lived phosphorescence characteristics of a certain bulk material change when the concentration of AEA changes. As a result, the physical inclusion of AEAs (SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu 2+ ,Dy 3+ ) in a glass material introduces a new advance for the development of colorless smart glasses with persistent phosphorescence, fluorescence photochromism, robust surface, energy-saving character, and low cost .…”