Combat Exposure, Unit Cohesion, and Demographic Characteristics of Soldiers Reporting Posttraumatic Growth

Mitchell, Mary M.; Gallaway, M. Shayne; Millikan, Amy M.; Bell, Michael

doi:10.1080/15325024.2013.768847

Cited by 49 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The lack of significant group differences based on varying demographic factors brings added complexity to the topic because of these findings’ inconsistency with previous research surrounding PTG. As previously discussed, studies exploring PTG have often found that having an underrepresented racial/ethnic identity (Milam, ; Mitchell, Gallaway, Millikan, & Bell, ) and having a strong religious identity (Augustine, ; Sim et al, ) were associated with greater PTG. In contrast, our study's findings regarding gender (i.e., women experiencing greater levels of PTG than men do) are consistent with other research in the field (e.g., Jin et al, ), thus adding additional empirical support to the impact of gender on PTG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Posttraumatic Growth in Individuals With Chronic Illness: The Role of Social Support and Meaning Making

Zeligman

Varney

Grad

et al. 2018

Jour of Counseling & Develop

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This study aimed to assess the predictive nature of social support, meaning making (presence of meaning and search for meaning), and demographic factors on perceived posttraumatic growth (PTG) in a sample of adults living with chronic illness (N = 110). Regression analyses indicated that presence of meaning and gender served as the strongest predictors, together accounting for 22% of the variance in PTG. Presence of meaning also moderated the relationship between social support and PTG, supporting the unique contribution of meaning making on PTG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Posttraumatic Growth in Individuals With Chronic Illness: The Role of Social Support and Meaning Making

Zeligman

Varney

Grad

et al. 2018

Jour of Counseling & Develop

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show abstract

“…This may be considered an illustration of the so-called posttraumatic growth [9] that is observed to occur, for example, in soldiers having experienced combat-related trauma but finding greater meaning and satisfaction in their later lives because of those experiences [10] and also in Holocaust child survivors experiencing more social support from friends [11]. An alternative interpretation would be differential mortality, meaning that those vulnerable to life-threatening conditions had an increased risk to die during the Holocaust.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Against All Odds: Genocidal Trauma Is Associated with Longer Life-Expectancy of the Survivors

et al. 2013

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Does surviving genocidal experiences, like the Holocaust, lead to shorter life-expectancy? Such an effect is conceivable given that most survivors not only suffered psychosocial trauma but also malnutrition, restriction in hygienic and sanitary facilities, and lack of preventive medical and health services, with potentially damaging effects for later health and life-expectancy. We explored whether genocidal survivors have a higher risk to die younger than comparisons without such background. This is the first population-based retrospective cohort study of the Holocaust, based on the entire population of immigrants from Poland to Israel (N = 55,220), 4–20 years old when the World War II started (1939), immigrating to Israel either between 1945 and 1950 (Holocaust group) or before 1939 (comparison group; not exposed to the Holocaust). Hazard of death – a long-term outcome of surviving genocidal trauma – was derived from the population-wide official data base of the National Insurance Institute of Israel. Cox regression yielded a significant hazard ratio (HR = 0.935, CI (95%) = 0.910–0.960), suggesting that the risk of death was reduced by 6.5 months for Holocaust survivors compared to non-Holocaust comparisons. The lower hazard was most substantial in males who were aged 10–15 (HR = 0.900, CI (95%) = 0.842–0.962, i.e., reduced by 10 months) or 16–20 years at the onset of the Holocaust (HR = 0.820, CI (95%) = 0.782–0.859, i.e., reduced by18 months). We found that against all odds genocidal survivors were likely to live longer. We suggest two explanations: Differential mortality during the Holocaust and “Posttraumatic Growth” associated with protective factors in Holocaust survivors or in their environment after World War II.

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“…For example, unit cohesion (operationalized as a combination of social and task cohesion) has been shown to be significantly related to posttraumatic growth among U.S. Army combat soldiers (Mitchell, Gallaway, Millikan, & Bell, 2013). In addition, resilience, which is a process that draws upon the use of multiple PWB components (Earvolino-Ramirez, 2007; see also O'Dougherty Wright, Masten, & Narayan, 2013), has been shown to be an important predictor of team cohesion among student project teams (West, Patera, & Carsten, 2009).…”

Section: The Relationship Between Team Cohesion and Swb And Pwb Subdimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, team members with a strong sense of meaning and purpose may stimulate and motivate others within the group, creating enhanced commitment to group tasks and goals (Jung & Sosik, 2002;Wang & Huang, 2009). In turn, the experience of pursuing a common goal can reinforce team members' feelings of purpose, facilitate individual growth (Mitchell et al, 2013), and enhance positive relations among team members (Cogliser & Schriesheim, 2000).…”

Section: Upward Spirals and Effects On Relevant Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Team Cohesion and Individual Well-Being: A Conceptual Analysis and Relational Framework

Vanhove¹,

Herian²

2015

Research on Managing Groups and Teams

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The relationship between team cohesion and individual well-being is clear. Being part of a highly cohesive team is likely to contribute to the well-being of individual team members. A multidirectional relationship is likely as individual well-being is also likely to contribute to team cohesion. This chapter examines such critical relationships in the context of team performance. To do so, we draw on the dominant literatures related to these concepts, focusing on two specific types of team cohesion À social cohesion and task cohesion À and two specific types of well-being À subjective well-being (SWB) and psychological well-being (PWB). We contend that social cohesion and SWB are likely to be strongly related, while task cohesion and PWB are likely to share a strong relationship. Therefore, the chapter focuses on the evidence regarding the transactional relationship between social team cohesion and SWB, and transactional relationship between task team cohesion and PWB. Of course, we also recognize the close relationships between social and task cohesion, and between SWB and PWB. We consider the practical implications of studying the relationships between these concepts and put forth a number of recommendations for future research in this area.

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Combat Exposure, Unit Cohesion, and Demographic Characteristics of Soldiers Reporting Posttraumatic Growth

Cited by 49 publications

References 31 publications

Posttraumatic Growth in Individuals With Chronic Illness: The Role of Social Support and Meaning Making

Posttraumatic Growth in Individuals With Chronic Illness: The Role of Social Support and Meaning Making

Against All Odds: Genocidal Trauma Is Associated with Longer Life-Expectancy of the Survivors

Team Cohesion and Individual Well-Being: A Conceptual Analysis and Relational Framework

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