Combating Antimicrobial Resistance

Liyanapathirana, Veranja; Thevanesam, Vasanthi

doi:10.4038/sljid.v6i2.8119

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The misuse of common antibiotics is very high. An increase in antibiotic resistance development and the occurrence of multiple drug resistance have been observed in hospital settings (Liyanapathirana and Thevanesam 2016). This is an area that needs due attention since almost all municipalities producing compost using solid waste in Sri Lanka are not segregating materials based on their biological safety.…”

Section: Human Faeces As a Source Of Raw Materials In Compostingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibiotics are the most successful and sometimes the only treatment against infectious diseases caused by bacteria and fungi. However, the spread of antibiotic resistance traits among pathogenic groups of microorganisms is challenging the healthcare systems worldwide including Sri Lanka (Martinez 2009;Pruden et al 2013;Liyanapathirana and Thevanesam 2016). Antibiotic residues, antibioticresistant bacteria, and genetic information containing antibiotic resistance genes (free DNA) are considered as antibiotic resistance determinants (Martinez 2009).…”

Section: Antibiotic Resistance Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Composting in Sri Lanka: Policies, Practices, Challenges, and Emerging Concerns

Dandeniya

Caucci

2020

Organic Waste Composting Through Nexus Thinking

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Compost is a widely accepted organic fertiliser throughout the world. It is being produced using a wide variety of source materials at household to commercial scale. With the increased population and changes in food consumption pattern tending towards a vegetable- and meat-rich diet, the amount of organic waste generated in urban and peri-urban settings has increased. Many governments promote composting as a process that helps them to reduce the volume of organic waste and recycle nutrients back to croplands. Some examples of organic waste accumulated in large scale include household waste from urban and peri-urban settings, sewage, animal farm waste, agricultural waste from large-scale markets, food debris, and kitchen waste from hotels. The composition of compost varies in a wide range depending on the nature of materials used to produce it. The safety concerns related to compost also vary along the same line. The quality of compost has become a subjective term that means different aspects to different bodies due to a lack of commonly agreed standards to regulate the composting process and the final product itself. Recent research findings indicate that compost can serve as a carrier of potentially toxic trace elements, organic pollutants, and determinants of antimicrobial resistance to the environment and along the food chain. Producing good-quality compost safe to human health and the environment at large has become a challenge that should be addressed at various levels: from production to policymaking. This chapter discusses some of the major challenges faced in Sri Lanka with compost making. To prepare the background for this discussion, information on the policies and current practices of nutrient management in Sri Lanka is also presented. The context may be applicable to many other developing countries in the tropics.

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Section: Human Faeces As a Source Of Raw Materials In Compostingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antibiotic Resistance Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composting in Sri Lanka: Policies, Practices, Challenges, and Emerging Concerns

Dandeniya

Caucci

2020

Organic Waste Composting Through Nexus Thinking

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“…(10) Another study done in a State tertiary care hospital in 2009 showed that Acenetobacter spp responsible for Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) were multidrug resistant with resistance rates of 90% to cefotaxime, 73.3% to ceftazidime, 70% to imipenem, and 53% to cefoperazonesulbactam. (11) Concerns with AMR are further exacerbated in Sri Lanka as there is no functioning of an official surveillance system although the strategic plan to curb AMR was officially launched with celebrations in 2017. Thailand developed its national strategic plan on AMR around the same time as Sri Lanka but unlike us, has gone further to set targets one of which is for a reduction in AMC in humans by 20% in 2021.…”

Section: Disscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Consumption in the State Sector of Sri Lanka Over 25 Years: 1994 - 2018 Using the GAP Methodology

et al. 2020

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“…HAIs are believed to be an indicator of how well and how safely patients are being cared for [1]. Humans are affected by the global problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which has grown to be a major obstacle to contemporary medicine [2]. Methicillin was formerly recognized as an antibacterial that was used to treat a variety of illnesses caused by S. aureus, but it quickly gained acceptance in medicine and eventually encouraged the development of bacteria strains that were resistant to it [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes and Commitment of Healthcare Workers toward Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Infections in Hospitals of Thi-Qar Governorate

Hnaihen,

Wasen Abdul-Ameer Ali,

Zainab Hussain Taher

2023

UTJsci

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The nosocomial infection Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can infect both healthcare workers and patients and have an impact on the standard of treatment offered in hospitals. The study aims to Identify the relations between the attitudes, and commitment of healthcare workers to prevent methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and sociodemographic characteristics. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out for 362 healthcare workers randomly chosen from four hospitals and distributed as follows: 125 from Nasiriyah Teaching Hospital, 80 from Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital, 80 from Al-Haboubi Teaching Hospital and 77 from Souk Al-Shuyoukh General Hospital Between October 1, 2022, to May 1, 2023, and data was collected using a self-report paper-based questionnaire. Our findings indicated that 75.1% of the participants have neutral attitudes concerning MRSA infection. The relationships between attitudes and age, education, marital status, job title, and years of service were statistically significant (P <0.05). Healthcare workers' commitment were generally moderated. The participant's commitment to MRSA infection prevention was significantly correlated (P <0.05) with their age, education level, job title, and shift time. So we can conclude that Healthcare workers' attitudes toward the prevention of MRSA infection were neutral while Healthcare workers' commitment to preventing MRSA infection was poor. The study recommended Providing appropriate health facilities and personal protective equipment, Searching for the reasons behind non-compliance of HCWs, and Continual surveillance by medical institution authorities to protect healthcare workers against MRSA infection.

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Combating Antimicrobial Resistance

Abstract: Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is a key global health challenge. While numerous strategies have been put forward by different organizations to combat this problem, identification of locally relevant issues that drive resistance and addressing them would be the key to success.

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Composting in Sri Lanka: Policies, Practices, Challenges, and Emerging Concerns

Composting in Sri Lanka: Policies, Practices, Challenges, and Emerging Concerns

Antibiotic Consumption in the State Sector of Sri Lanka Over 25 Years: 1994 - 2018 Using the GAP Methodology

Attitudes and Commitment of Healthcare Workers toward Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Infections in Hospitals of Thi-Qar Governorate

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