Combating Diabetes and its Emerging Complications Utilizing Natural Phytochemicals

Abstract

Introduction: Natural phytochemicals are considered a primary health care measure for many chronic diseases and for assurance of urban health and wellbeing. Diabetes and its related complications are major chronic diseases increasingly threatening human health and wellbeing. Till date, these diseases are not fully managed by the current therapies. Thus, there is an increasing need to find more safe and efficient therapies for diabetes and its related complications. Methods: An evidence-based review of the novel phytotherapies to diabetes and its related complications and discussing their main mechanisms of actions are the main aims of the current study. Data collection were done for the phytotherapies that were extracted, chromatographically standardized, fractionated and the main effective compounds were isolated and evaluated for their potentials against diabetes and its related complications. Special emphasis was given for the extracts and their isolated phytochemicals that had significant hypoglycemic and antinociceptive effects towards diabetes and its related complications, particularly diabetic-neuropathy. Results: The phytochemicals main mechanisms of action were found to be mainly due to their insulin secretagogue, beta-cells regeneration, anti-oxidant potentials. Conclusion: Therefore, clinicians should consider natural phytochemicals when treating chronic diseases and when reassuring better urban health and wellbeing.

Modulators of diabetic neuropathy and inflammation from Saponaria officinalis: Isolation of active phytochemicals and potential mechanisms of action

“… 23 The anti-inflammatory potentials of Sap 20 mg/kg have shown dominance in decreasing carrageenan-induced in-vivo hind-paw edema as shown previously in analogs phytochemicals. 42 Similarly, other Sap constituents, like echinocystic acid and gypsogenin, were found to have some bioactivities in previous studies. 43 , 44 Echinocystic acid was found to alleviate cerebral-ischemia via inhibiting the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) signaling pathway.…”