Combating Horticultural Misinformation through Integrated Online Campaigns Using Social Media, Graphics Interchange Format, and Blogs

Abstract

Misinformation relating to horticulture can spread quickly among laypersons. Although some misinformation may be harmless, such as the myth that bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) fruit can be either male or female, other misinformation is generated to sway consumer decisions. The demand from Cooperative Extension Service (CES) agents for support to combat the spread of horticultural misinformation, horticulture specialists at the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture Cooperative Extension Service (UACES) created a “Horticulture Fact or Fiction” series of blog posts that targeted common horticulture myths with science-based explanations and used graphics interchange format (GIFs) to promote the blog posts on social media. The integrated social media campaign was shared on the authors’ UACES Horticulture social media accounts and by eight UACES agents during 2021. The effort reached 13,397 social media users, and the blog posts had a total of 45,544 pageviews. Although social media was not the major driver of traffic to the blog post series, GIF-based outreach on social media did direct more than 1000 additional users to the blog posts. Through this integrated approach of using social media and GIFs shared by both specialists and CES agents, we were able to connect a large number of stakeholders to research-based content, resulting in higher average traffic to our webpage-based blogs than the average UACES webpage. This type of integrated approach using multiple online means of communication including GIFs, blogs, and social media to create a toolkit of resources for CES agents may be useful for extension professionals targeting stakeholders online.

Systematic Review of Misinformation in Social and Online Media for the Development of an Analytical Framework for Agri-Food Sector

“…Although several authors highlight the 'bright side' of social and digital media, a growing number of incidents show social media's 'dark side' [17]. The ubiquity of social and online media networks, the credulousness of online communities, and the potential weaponization of information, coupled with limited accountability, may also pose a risk of health [27,28] and agri-food mis-, dis-, mal-, information (mis-dis-mal-information) [29][30][31]. For example, there have been an increasing number of reports and research attention into concerns such as fake news, misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation amid COVID-19 [17,32,33].…”