Combination dermoscopy for initiation and monitoring of systemic antifungal therapy for paediatric tinea faciei with invasion of vellus hair owing to <i>Microsporum canis</i>

Zhi, Hui-Lin; Xia, Xiujiao; Liu, Ze‐Hu

doi:10.1093/ced/llac087

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Consequently, the recommended treatment strategy for tinea of vellus hair is similar to that of tinea capitis. 8,11,28 Combining the literature review and our report, pathogens were listed in 152 cases (Tables 1, 2, Figure 5). Zoophilic M. canis (61, 40.13%) was the primary causative agent, followed by T. mentagrophytes complex (56, 36.84%), Geophilic Nannizzia gypsea (17,11.18%) was also common, while anthropophilic species such as T. rubrum, T. tonsurans and T. violaceum were less common.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Aetiology of tinea of vellus hair and substrate specificity in Microsporum species

Zhou,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Mycoses

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BackgroundTinea of vellus hair is a dermatophyte infection with or without localised infection of adjacent skin. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of this disorder have insufficiently been established.ObjectivesTo gain insight into the epidemiology and analysis dissection of patterns of vellus hair infection.MethodsA comprehensive examination of our series of cases and existing literature, clinical information was performed. Microsporum species were assayed for levels of keratinase and SUB1‐3 level after different keratin‐induced cultures.ResultsThe infection affects both children and adults, with a male‐to‐female ratio of 1:1.3. The most afflicted areas are the face, neck and upper limbs. Both typical (ringworm‐like) and atypical (tinea incognito) tinea lesions can be observed. The disorder is caused primarily by the zoophilic Microsporum canis (40.39%). Topical antifungal drugs alone are ineffective; mycological cure is achieved in combination with systemic antifungal therapy for 4–8 weeks. In vitro, M. canis exhibited significantly elevated levels of secreted protease and SUB1 and SUB3 transcripts in cat hair cultures. Conversely, the findings of anthropophilic dermatophytes M. audouinii and M. ferrugineum demonstrated the opposite trend, suggesting that there are associations between keratinase activity and expression of SUB1 and SUB3 induced by different keratin substrates among M. canis complex members.ConclusionsThe epidemiological characteristics of tinea of vellus hair help us to understand its transmission patterns and develop effective prevention strategies. There are associations between keratinase activity and expression of SUB1‐3 induced by different substrates, which may explain the host shift and adaptation from pet animals to particular micro‐habitats on the human host.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Gómez‐Moyano and Crespo‐Erchiga 9 suggested that the presence of affected vellus hairs upon direct examination in lesions of tinea of the glabrous skin would be indicative for systemic antifungal therapy. Consequently, the recommended treatment strategy for tinea of vellus hair is similar to that of tinea capitis 8,11,28 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology of tinea of vellus hair and substrate specificity in Microsporum species

Zhou,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Mycoses

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“…The microorganism is associated with endothrix infection of the hair shaft, including vellus hair. UVFD reportedly shows bright white coiled and curly vellus hair [ 18 , 48 – 50 ]. These observations may facilitate monitoring therapeutic response and follow-up [ 50 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UVFD reportedly shows bright white coiled and curly vellus hair [ 18 , 48 – 50 ]. These observations may facilitate monitoring therapeutic response and follow-up [ 50 ]. Normally, non-contact polarized dermatoscopy of Microsporum -induced tinea of the glabrous skin usually shows Morse-code-like hairs (hairs with interrupted black and white bands), bent hairs, zig-zag hairs, and diffuse whitish scaling [ 51 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Ultraviolet and Sub-ultraviolet Dermatoscopy in Neoplastic and Non-neoplastic Dermatoses: A Systematic Review

Pietkiewicz,

Navarrete-Dechent,

Togawa

et al. 2024

Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)

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Dermatoscopy is a non-invasive and cost-efficient imaging technique augmenting clinical examination in neoplastic and non-neoplastic dermatoses. Recently, novel dermatoscopic techniques based on principles of reflectance/absorption and excited fluorescence have been developed. However, comprehensive data on their applications are sparse, and terminology is inconsistent. In this systematic review, we addressed the principles of ultraviolet (UV) imaging and proposed categorization based on spectral characteristics and signal acquisition, as well as discussed documented and potential clinical applications, safety measures during examination, and limitations associated with reflectance and fluorescence dermatoscopy. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed medical database until 2 December 2023 according to PRISMA guidelines, and 28 papers fit the scope of this review, whereas additional relevant articles were included to provide broader context regarding the chosen terminology, chromophores described, safety of sub-UV/UV, and regulations for light-emitting devices. UV and sub-UV dermatoscopy, categorized into different methods on the basis of the emitted wavelength and signal acquisition process (reflectance versus fluorescence), augment conventional dermatoscopy by optimizing safety margins in melanoma, facilitating early detection of tumor recurrence, and enhancing visualization in non-neoplastic conditions, including pigmentation disorders, intertrigo, papulo-desquamative dermatoses, and beyond. The review highlights the limitations of these techniques, including difficulty in differentiating melanin from hemoglobin, challenges in evaluating uneven surfaces, and artifacts. Although UV dermatoscopy complements conventional dermatoscopy, clinicians should be aware of their peculiarities, artifacts, limitations, and safety concerns to optimize their diagnostic accuracy and ensure patient’s safety. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13555-024-01104-4.

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Combination dermoscopy for initiation and monitoring of systemic antifungal therapy for paediatric tinea faciei with invasion of vellus hair owing to Microsporum canis

Abstract: Combination dermoscopy is a simple, noninvasive and accurate technique for the rapid diagnosis, initiation and monitoring of systemic antifungal therapy for tinea faciei caused by Microsporum canis, especially in settings where fungal testing is not available.

Cited by 2 publications

References 5 publications

Aetiology of tinea of vellus hair and substrate specificity in Microsporum species

Aetiology of tinea of vellus hair and substrate specificity in Microsporum species

Applications of Ultraviolet and Sub-ultraviolet Dermatoscopy in Neoplastic and Non-neoplastic Dermatoses: A Systematic Review

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