Combination of essential oil and ciprofloxacin to inhibit/eradicate biofilms in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae

Abstract

The presented results suggest the potential application of EOs against infections, caused by biofilm-producing K. pneumoniae, to prevent biofilm formation or decrease their resistance threshold. Moreover, the combination of EOs with ciprofloxacin minimizes the antibiotic concentration used and accordingly the potential accompanying toxic side effects.

Thymol and Thyme Essential Oil—New Insights into Selected Therapeutic Applications

“…Klebsiella pneumoniae , from the Enterobacteriaceae family, is the cause of numerous chronic hospital infections with high mortality and prolonged hospitalization due to the high virulence of this pathogen, dynamically developing antibiotic resistance, and limited treatment methods [ 43 ]. In a study conducted by Mohamed [ 44 ] on biofilm-forming K. pneumoniae strains, the biofilm eradication ability from 80.1 to 98.0% thyme EO in different concentrations was demonstrated. The main component responsible for these antibacterial properties was thymol.…”

New Tricks for Old Guys: Recent Developments in the Chemistry, Biochemistry, Applications and Exploitation of Selected Species from the Lamiaceae Family

“…Both O. vulgare and Salvia officinalis EOs acts as a potent anti‐biofilm agent with dual actions, preventing and eradicating the biofilm of Streptococcus pyogenes suggesting that these oils can be used in developing potential plant‐derived antimicrobial agents in the management of streptococcal pharyngitis . T. vulgaris EO is effective against planktonic of Bacillus cereus with a significant inhibitory effect on biofilm formation and was found to have a high biofilm eradication ability, causing eradication that ranged from 80.1 to 98.0 % at 10 μL/mL against pathogenic Klebsiella pneumonia . O. majorana and T. vulgaris EOs were assessed for their antibiofilm activity against immature and mature biofilms of E. coli and Listeria monocytogenes formed on polypropylene surfaces, using the Response Surface Box‐Behnken Design to optimize concentration of essential oils, disinfection time and level of pH in the EO‐based disinfection solutions .…”

“…[291] T. vulgaris EO is effective against planktonic of Bacillus cereus with a significant inhibitory effect on biofilm formation [292] and was found to have a high biofilm eradication ability, causing eradication that ranged from 80.1 to 98.0 % at 10 μL/mL against pathogenic Klebsiella pneumonia. [293] O. majorana and T. vulgaris EOs were assessed for their antibiofilm activity against immature and mature biofilms of E. coli and Listeria monocytogenes formed on polypropylene surfaces, using the Response Surface Box-Behnken Design to optimize concentration of essential oils, disinfection time and level of pH in the EO-based disinfection solutions. [294] In this study the disinfectant effect of the EO-based natural solutions was in most cases equivalent or better compared to the peracetic acid-based chemical sanitizer used in food industry or to sodium hypochlorite.…”

Essential Oils and Microbial Communication

“…The association between EOs and/or their main components with conventional antibiotics can allow to eradicate also some particularly resistant biofilm, decreasing concurrently their resistance threshold. This allows also to minimize the antibiotic concentration, decreasing also its potential accompanying toxic side effects [107]. Synergistic interactions between EOs and their components with antibiotics are recognized, including several instances of antibiotic re-sensitization in resistant isolates, in support of this strategy to control antibiotic resistance, although synergistic effects are not well explored outside a preliminary identification of antibacterial interactions and mechanism of action is seldom defined, despite many hypotheses and recommendations for future studies [108].…”