Combination of field inspection and dispersion modelling to estimate odour emissions from an Italian landfill

Capelli, Laura; Sironi, Selena

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.08.007

Cited by 32 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Moreover, in another publication of 2018 [87], the plume method field inspection was effectively used in combination with the CALPUFF dispersion model in order to verify the best method to estimate the emissions from a landfill located in Southern Italy.…”

Section: Examples Of Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Can Odors Be Measured? An Overview of Methods and Their Applications

2020

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In recent years, citizens' attention towards air quality and pollution has increased significantly, and nowadays, odor pollution related to different industrial activities is recognized as a well-known environmental issue. For this reason, odors are subjected to control and regulation in many countries, and specific methods for odor measurement have been developed and standardized over the years. This paper, conceived within the H2020 D-NOSES project, summarizes odor measurement techniques, highlighting their applicability, advantages, and limits, with the aim of providing experienced as well as non-experienced users a useful tool that can be consulted in the management of specific odor problems for evaluating and identifying the most suitable approach. The paper also presents relevant examples of the application of the different methods discussed, thereby mainly referring to scientific articles published over the last 10 years.Atmosphere 2020, 11, 92 2 of 27 •Citizen science.Dynamic olfactometry and field inspection are the only methods specifically developed for odor measurement, which have been standardized at the European level [5][6][7].Other techniques, involving chemical characterization, are consolidated analytical techniques, commonly adopted to provide information about the odor properties of gaseous mixtures.Conversely, methods based on citizen science are quite new. Those techniques, based on the active involvement of citizens, have been proposed in recent years to address socio-environmental conflicts within the impacted communities [8,9]. In particular, these programs consist of the active involvement of citizens in the mapping and management of odor pollution problems, thereby allowing co-creation of local solutions together with industries, regional and local authorities, and odor experts [10,11]. With the aim to develop such innovative approaches based on so-called "extreme citizen science", in 2018, the Distributed Network for Odor Sensing, Empowerment, and Sustainability (D-NOSES) project was presented and has received funding from the European's Union Horizon 2020 Science with and for Society Call (SwafS) under grant agreement No. 789315. This project proposes a holistic approach, based on the cooperation of key stakeholders (citizens, regional and local authorities, industries, and odor experts) for the mapping and co-design of solutions, to researching, building, and suggesting an appropriate regulatory framework. Recognizing the lack of information about odor pollution and management as a limit for the successful adoption of citizen science for the management of odor problems, this review paper was conceived within the H2020 D-NOSES project with the purpose of raising awareness about odor pollution and providing a scientific background concerning odor impact assessment methods, which can be used by experienced as well as non-experienced users.This paper presents an overview of the methods that can be used for odor measurement, thereby excluding odor impact assessment techniques based on mat...

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Section: Examples Of Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Can Odors Be Measured? An Overview of Methods and Their Applications

2020

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“…The movement of computational particles is considered to be random what makes the Lagrangian models more expensive in terms of computational costs [6][7][8]10]. Lagrangian models can be used under low wind and calm conditions [11]. There are models that can use both the Lagrangian and Gaussian approach.…”

Section: Review Of Models Used In the Odour Dispersion Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CALPUFF model can be used to simulate odour dispersion from point, area and volume sources. To simulate odour dispersion it is necessary to obtain data such as emissions from sources, meteorological and topographical data [11,12]. Similar to the gaussian models, CALPUFF can be used in evaluation of odour impact range from many sources such as animal by-product utilization plants [12], landfills [13], waste and residue treatment incineration/utilization plants [14] or composting food wastes [15].…”

Section: Review Of Models Used In the Odour Dispersion Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of mathematical modelling in evaluation of odour nuisance from selected waste management plant

Pawnuk

Sówka

2019

E3S Web Conf.

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A wide range of tools is required to comprehensively assess the impact of odours on people and the environment. Among them, mathematical tools for odour dispersion modelling are widely used. We can distinguish models based on Gaussian, Lagrangian and Eulerian approach. In Poland, the reference model, Operat FB, based on Gaussian way is commonly used for odour dispersion modelling. Modelling was conducted for two scenarios: first including area and point emission sources, while second one included only point sources. Comparison of both scenarios shows significant improvement of odour impact range of selected Plant in case when area sources are excluded.

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“…One of the major open issues related to dispersion modelling is validation (Hayes 2006). This is particularly complex due to the difficulty of measuring odours in the environment (Capelli et al, 2013(Capelli et al, , 2018. Another important aspect is the uncertainty associated with dispersion models when applied to odour impact assessment studies (Brancher et al, 2019;Oettl et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The determination of odour emissions from landfills is a complex and still hotly debated task (Lucernoni et al, 2017). Even under the assumption that the odour emission is associated mainly with the emission of landfill gas (LFG) escaping the collection system (Chemel et al, 2012;Saral et al, 2009), there are currently no universally accepted methodologies for evaluating the OER associated with this type of emission source (Lucernoni et al, 2017;Capelli and Sironi, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Modelling Choices on the Results of Landfill Odour Dispersion

et al. 2020

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Landfills are an important source of odour pollution, potentially causing nuisance to adjacent populations. The most commonly used odour impact assessment for this type of plants usually involves a combination of dynamic olfactometry with dispersion modelling. Despite the advantages associated with the use of dispersion models, there are still some important issues related to their uncertainty. The dispersion model requires the Odour Emission Rate (OER) as input, expressed as units of odour emitted per unit time. Source term characterization and the estimation of the OER are typically the most important steps in the model’s implementation, accounting for the highest contribution to the overall uncertainty. Another important element of uncertainty when modelling emissions from landfill surfaces is the geometrical implementation of the emission source in the dispersion model. This entails the definition of the initial dimensions of the emission, which is critical in the case of large area sources. This paper discusses issues related to uncertainty in the use of dispersion models for the evaluation of landfill odour impacts, particularly focusing on the estimation of the OER and the emission’s initial vertical dimension. This study shows that modelling choices may lead to a variance in the resulting modelled odour concentrations at receptors differing by up to a factor 3. This variability should not cause distrust in the method, but rather indicates the importance of having odour dispersion modelling studies carried out by experts with deep knowledge of the physical-chemical mechanisms underlying atmospheric emissions.

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Combination of field inspection and dispersion modelling to estimate odour emissions from an Italian landfill

Cited by 32 publications

References 46 publications

How Can Odors Be Measured? An Overview of Methods and Their Applications

How Can Odors Be Measured? An Overview of Methods and Their Applications

Application of mathematical modelling in evaluation of odour nuisance from selected waste management plant

Influence of Modelling Choices on the Results of Landfill Odour Dispersion

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