Combination of hydrothermal carbonization and wet oxidation of various biomasses

Wet Oxidation of Process Waters from the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge

“…). Short‐chain carboxylic acids, such as acetic acid, were previously identified as recalcitrant end products of WO . The results suggest that especially after WO high concentrations of acetic acid seem to have significant negative effects on the germination, biomass/plant ratio and total biomass production (Tabs.…”

“…Small‐scale WO experiments were performed as described by Riedel et al . In brief, the O 2 atmosphere in the stainless steel autoclaves was generated in situ by decomposition of H 2 O 2 separated from the PWs (Supporting Information, Tab.…”

“…One solution for PW discharge can be a subsequent wet oxidation (WO) as a pre‐treatment step prior to a biological treatment. Wet air oxidation (WAO) is a commercial technology used for treating a variety of industrial wastewaters such as chemical production effluents, textile effluents, effluents from paper mills, olive mill and winery wastewaters .…”

“…The degree of COD removal is dependent on the wastewater source, the solution pH, reaction temperature and time, and the oxygen pressure . The WO process is thermally self‐sustaining at COD inputs of > 20 g L −1 . In subcritical WO, COD reductions of up to 75 – 90 % could be achieved, and short‐chain carboxylic acids were formed as relatively stable products , .…”

“…The WO process is thermally self‐sustaining at COD inputs of > 20 g L −1 . In subcritical WO, COD reductions of up to 75 – 90 % could be achieved, and short‐chain carboxylic acids were formed as relatively stable products , . Further oxidation and mineralization of these intermediates to CO 2 cannot be achieved at mild oxidation conditions but require harsh supercritical conditions .…”