Combination of intra‐articular tenoxicam, lidocaine, and pethidine for outpatient knee arthroscopy

Elhakim, M.; Nafie, M M H; Eid, A.; Hassin, Michel

doi:10.1034/j.1399-6576.1999.430804.x

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The third drug we administered is tenoxicam, a NSAID which has been used in studies intraarticularly, alone or in combination with local anaesthetics [8][9][10][11][12][13]. It has been shown that i.a tenoxicam provided superior postoperative analgesia and reduced analgesic requirements compared to intravenous tenoxicam indicating a peripheral analgesic effect [11,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraarticular analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery: comparison of neostigmine, clonidine, tenoxicam, morphine and bupivacaine

Alagöl

Calpur

Usar

et al. 2005

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, double blinded study to compare the analgesic effects of intraarticular neostigmine, morphine, tenoxicam, clonidine and bupivacaine in 150 patients undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery. General anaesthesia protocol was same in all patients. At the end of the surgical procedure, patients were randomized into six intraarticular groups equally. Group N received 500 mug neostigmine, Group M received 2 mg morphine, Group T received 20 mg tenoxicam, Group C received 1 microg kg(-1) clonidine, Group B received 100 mg bupivacaine and Group S received saline 20 ml. Visual analog scale scores 0, 30 and 60 min and 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, time to first analgesic need, analgesic consumption at 48 h and 72 h and side effects were noted. Demographic and operational parameters were similar in six groups. All study groups provided analgesia when compared with saline group (P<0.05). Duration of analgesia in Group N and C was longer than other groups (P<0.001). Analgesic consumptions of Group N, C and T were lower than other groups (P<0.01). Pain scores during 2 h postoperatively were lower in all study groups than the control group (P<0.001). In Group B, median pain scores were higher than Groups N and C at 0 min and 30 min postoperatively (P<0.001). Side effects were not significantly different among the six groups. We conclude that the most effective drugs that are administered intraarticularly are neostigmine and clonidine among the five drugs we studied. Tenoxicam provided longer analgesia when compared with morphine and bupivacaine, postoperatively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraarticular analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery: comparison of neostigmine, clonidine, tenoxicam, morphine and bupivacaine

Alagöl

Calpur

Usar

et al. 2005

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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“…Therefore, multimodal analgesia (or balanced analgesia) appears to constitute a rational approach to effective pain management 33, 34. Following arthroscopic procedures promising pain alleviating effects of different IA multimodal analgesic regimens have been reported 35–38. Most of the combinations have involved the use of 2–3 drug compounds selected from the above mentioned groups comprising local anesthetics, NSAIDs, and opiates.…”

Section: Common Ia Drug Therapies and Potential New Drug Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐articular depot formulation principles: Role in the management of postoperative pain and arthritic disorders

Larsen

Østergaard

Larsen

et al. 2008

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

255

212

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“…Multiple studies have shown intraarticular injections of lidocaine to have high success rates when used as a local anesthetic for knee arthroscopy. 3,4,9,10,14,17 Based on patient comfort levels and systemic toxicity data, recommendations for bolus 20-mL intra-articular injections of lidocaine at concentrations 1% or greater for knee arthroscopy have been made. 3 Because chondrocyte loss has been implicated in the development of osteoarthritis, 6 it is important to determine whether lidocaine may also have cytotoxic effects on articular chondrocytes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lidocaine Exhibits Dose- and Time-Dependent Cytotoxic Effects on Bovine Articular Chondrocytes in Vitro

Karpie

Chu²

2007

Am J Sports Med

183

136

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Combination of intra‐articular tenoxicam, lidocaine, and pethidine for outpatient knee arthroscopy

Abstract: The combination of 20 ml lidocaine 2%, 10 mg pethidine and 20 mg tenoxicam given intra-articularly provided superior analgesia and reduced oral analgesic requirement during the first day after arthroscopy compared with lidocaine and pethidine alone.

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Intraarticular analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery: comparison of neostigmine, clonidine, tenoxicam, morphine and bupivacaine

Intraarticular analgesia after arthroscopic knee surgery: comparison of neostigmine, clonidine, tenoxicam, morphine and bupivacaine

Intra‐articular depot formulation principles: Role in the management of postoperative pain and arthritic disorders

Lidocaine Exhibits Dose- and Time-Dependent Cytotoxic Effects on Bovine Articular Chondrocytes in Vitro

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