An
acoustic diaphragm is a crucial component that regulates sound
quality in earphones and loudspeakers. Natural wood with inherent
good acoustic resonance and vibration spectrum is widely used in sound
devices. However, using natural wood to produce an acoustic diaphragm
is still a big challenge because making ultra-thin wood is hard and
it warps easily. Therefore, this study introduces a new method for
preparing ultra-thin wood acoustic diaphragms less than 10 μm
in thickness, relying on delignification, sulfonation, and densifying
techniques. The innovative sulfonation process increased the intermolecular
hydrogen bond force, which significantly improved the tensile strength
and Young’s modulus of the wood diaphragm, up to 195 MPa and
27.1 GPa, respectively. Compared with the commonly used diaphragms
in the market, this wood diaphragm exhibits an excellent specific
dynamic elastic modulus up to 95.1 GPa/g cm3, indicating
better acoustic properties. Also, the resonance frequency was up to
1240 Hz, 4.5 times higher than the titanium diaphragm among high-end
products. Besides, the drying shrinkage rate of the ultra-thin wood
diaphragm is only 1.2%, indicating excellent dimensional stability.
This high-quality wood acoustic diaphragm has a very high application
prospect and outstanding attributes for promoting the development
of acoustic devices. Moreover, the reaction reagent can be recycled
after preparation, and the selected reagents are green and environmentally
friendly.