Combination of wet fixation and drying treatments to improve dye fixation onto spray-dyed cotton fabric

Abstract

The conventional dyeing process requires a substantial amount of auxiliaries and water, which leaches hazardous colored effluents to the environment. Herein, a newly developed sustainable spray dyeing system has been proposed for cotton fabric in the presence of reactive dyes, which has the potential to minimize the textile dyeing industries environmental impact in terms of water consumption and save significant energy. The results suggest that fresh dye solution can be mixed with an alkali solution before spray dyeing to avoid the reactive dye hydrolysis phenomenon. After that, drying at 60–100 °C, wet fixation treating for 1–6 min, and combined treatments (wet fixation + drying) were sequentially investigated and then dye fixation percentages were around 63–65%, 52–70%, and above 80%, respectively. Following this, fixation conditions were optimized using L16 orthogonal designs, including wet fixation time, temperature, dye concentration, and pH with four levels where the “larger-the-better” function was selected to maximize the dye fixation rate. Additionally, the color uniformity and wash and rubbing fastnesses were at an acceptable level when both treatments were applied. Finally, the dyes were hydrolyzed after wet fixation, and the hydrolysis percentages were enhanced after the drying process.

Extraction of Natural Dye from Aerial Parts of Argy Wormwood Based on Optimized Taguchi Approach and Functional Finishing of Cotton Fabric

“…People nowadays love to have a full range of colors in their wardrobe. This approach has created a significant demand for the production of colored fabrics using various types of synthetic dyes because of their wide ranges of color, excellent colorfastness properties, convenience, and color reproducibility [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Consequently, a huge amount of hazardous colored effluent is produced by the textile dyeing industry, which has been identified as one of the most polluting industries.…”

Combination of Pre- and Post-Mercerization Processes for Cotton Fabric

“…The exhaustion percentage ( E %) of dye can be defined as the mass of dye adsorbed onto the fabric after the dyeing process (Equation (1)) [ 18 , 19 ], where A 0 is the absorbance of dye solution before dyeing and A 1 indicates the residual dye solution absorbance after dyeing. Next, the dye fixation rate ( F %) was determined by measuring the mass of dye fixed in the fabric, followed by the soaping process with the mass of dye adsorbed after exhaustion dyeing onto the fabric (Equation (2)), where A 2 is the absorbance of the soaped solution.…”

Sustainable dyeing of ramie fiber with ternary reactive dye mixtures in liquid ammonia

“…The CFA treatment on dye xation of LA-dyed ramie ber exhibited a great effect. 2,45 With the dye-xation treatment, the DE value of samples a and c (in Fig. 9) was 3.47, but without treatment it increased to 17.70, i.e., without the CFA treatment, many adsorbed dyes in the dyed ramie bers were desorbed in the soaping process.…”