Combined administration on You-Gui Yin and low-dose Raloxifene partially attenuates the bone loss in ovariectomized mice through the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells

Qi, Xiaoyu; Liu, Hao; Bi, Dongdong; Wang, Xiangtao; Guo, Yifei; Hao, Tong; Zhang, Baoxin; Wang, Xingguo; Han, Meihua

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.014

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide and β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptide could be used to more thoroughly identify systemic changes caused by RLX. 23 However, biomechanical testing, micro-MRI, micro-CT, and histomorphometry were used to produce significant results. Third, the mechanism by which RLX and vitamin D enhance tendon-to-bone healing has not been elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination Treatment of Raloxifene and Vitamin D Enhances Bone-to-Tendon Healing of the Rotator Cuff in a Rat Model

et al. 2020

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Background: Tearing and degeneration of the rotator cuff at the tendon-to-bone junction are common in adults aged ≥50 years. Few studies have reported on the relationship between estrogen and the rotator cuff enthesis. In addition to preventing bone loss, selective estrogen receptor modulators have been shown to improve tendon and muscle quality. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of raloxifene (RLX) and vitamin D on rotator cuff tendon-to-bone healing in a rat model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 29 female rats (58 shoulders) were assigned to 4 groups: (1) control group, (2) ovariectomy (OVX)–only group, (3) no RLX group (OVX and rotator cuff repair [RCR]), and (4) RLX group (OVX, RCR, and RLX). Rats that did not undergo rotator cuff tear (RCT) surgery were divided into the control and OVX-only groups according to OVX surgery. Rats that underwent RCT surgery and RCR were divided into the no RLX and RLX groups according to RLX and vitamin D administration. An estrogen-deficient state was induced by OVX at 12 weeks of age. Bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone characteristics were measured by micro–computed tomography, and healing of the tendon-to-bone junction was evaluated by biomechanical testing, histomorphometry, and micro–magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results: The mean final body weight (BW; 461.6 ± 47.3 g) of the OVX-only group was significantly higher and BMD (0.25 ± 0.07 g/cm3) was significantly lower ( P < .001) than the mean final BW (338.5 ± 35.1 g) and BMD (0.48 ± 0.05 g/cm3) of the control group. In contrast, the RLX group showed that the BW (369.6 ± 35.8 g) and BMD (0.41 ± 0.08 g/cm3) were not significantly different from the control group. The RLX group had a significantly higher histomorphometric total score (8.50 ± 1.05) than the no RLX group (4.83 ± 2.48). On biomechanical testing, the RLX group (29.7 ± 9.1 N) showed a significantly higher load to failure than the no RLX group (19.4 ± 8.8 N). On micro-MRI, the RLX group had a more homogeneous low signal and tendon continuity than the no RLX group. Conclusion: The combination treatment of RLX and vitamin D prevented a decrease in local BMD (greater tuberosity of the proximal humerus) and enhanced tendon-to-bone healing of the rotator cuff in a rat model. Clinical Relevance: This study induced an estrogen-deficient state similar to the human postmenopausal state and used drugs that are actually being prescribed in a clinical situation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination Treatment of Raloxifene and Vitamin D Enhances Bone-to-Tendon Healing of the Rotator Cuff in a Rat Model

et al. 2020

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“…These characteristics were observed in both male and female castrated animals [ 11 ]. Ovariectomized animals including rats [ 12 ], mice [ 13 ], and even sheep [ 14 ] have been used as disease models studying the generation and treatment of osteoporosis. In male animals, orchiectomy has been reported to reduce bone mineral density and bone intensity.…”

Section: Role Of the Kidney/hpg Axis In The Maintenance Of Bone Funct...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Deciphering of the “Kidney Governing Bones” Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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The description of the “kidney” was entirely different from modern medicine. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the kidney was a functional concept regulating water metabolism, which was closely related to the urinary system, reproductive system, nervous system, endocrine, skeleton, hearing, metabolism, immunity, etc. In particular, the kidney in TCM plays an important regulatory role in the processes of growth, development, prime, aging, and reproduction. Hence, “Kidney Governing Bone” (KGB) was a classical theory in TCM, which hypothesized that the function of the kidney was responsible for bone health. However, the related modern physiological mechanisms of this TCM theory are unclear. This present paper proposed a new understanding and explored the biological basis of the KGB theory. After searching through plenty of reported literature, we discovered that the functions of the kidney in TCM were closely associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in modern science. The physiological mechanism of the KGB was regulated by sex hormones and their receptors. This review deciphered the connotation of the KGB theory in modern medicine and further verified the scientificity of the basic TCM theory.

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“…5 Women more than 50 years old have OP about twice as many as men as estimated. 6 The clinical presentations of POMP patients are bone pain, hunched or shortened in stature, and local tenderness or percussion pain. 7 Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches underlying PMOP remain ambiguous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eupatilin ameliorates postmenopausal osteoporosis via elevating microRNA‐211‐5p and repressing JAK2/STAT3 pathway

Hong,

Yang

2023

Environmental Toxicology

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Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) poses a significant threat to women's health worldwide. Eupatilin is a key bioactive component of the Chinese herbal medicine Artemisia asiatica Nakai. Recent research reports have proved the inhibitory function of Eupatilin in many diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 21–23 nucleotide‐long, single‐stranded, noncoding RNA molecules generated endogenously, and many studies have indicated that miRNAs are involved in the development of osteoporosis. This study explored the role and potential mechanism of Eupatilin underlying PMOP. First, rats were given intragastric administration of Eupatilin every day and subcutaneous injections of oligonucleotides or plasmids that interfered with miR‐211‐5p or janus kinase 2 (JAK2) once a week. After 4 weeks, the PMOP rat model was established. Then, serum alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphorus levels, as well as femur bone mineral density and biomechanical parameters, were detected. Hematoxylin–eosin staining and Masson staining were applied for detecting the pathological condition of femur, and immunohistochemical staining was for detecting osteocalcin. MC3T3‐E1 cells were transfected with plasmid vectors interfering with miR‐211‐5p or JAK2; and cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase cytotoxicity, and cell mineralization were subsequently examined. The relationship between miR‐211‐5p and JAK2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway was analyzed. The targeting relation between miR‐211‐5p and JAK2 was also verified. The experimental results revealed that Eupatilin improved the pathological conditions of PMOP rats by promoting the proliferation and mineralization of osteoblasts. MiR‐211‐5p was down‐regulated and JAK2/STAT3 was upregulated in PMOP rats. Upregulation of miR‐211‐5p further improved the pathological conditions of PMOP rats based on Eupatilin treatment. MiR‐211‐5p inhibited the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. JAK2 offset the effects of elevated miR‐211‐5p on PMOP rats. Overall, Eupatilin attenuates PMOP through elevating miR‐211‐5p and repressing JAK2/STAT3 pathway, which suggests the utility of Eupatilin as a potential drug for POMP treatment.

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Combined administration on You-Gui Yin and low-dose Raloxifene partially attenuates the bone loss in ovariectomized mice through the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

A Combination Treatment of Raloxifene and Vitamin D Enhances Bone-to-Tendon Healing of the Rotator Cuff in a Rat Model

A Combination Treatment of Raloxifene and Vitamin D Enhances Bone-to-Tendon Healing of the Rotator Cuff in a Rat Model

Biological Deciphering of the “Kidney Governing Bones” Theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Eupatilin ameliorates postmenopausal osteoporosis via elevating microRNA‐211‐5p and repressing JAK2/STAT3 pathway

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