Combined Configuration of Container Terminal Berth and Quay Crane considering Carbon Cost

Abstract

Berths and quay cranes are scarce resources in the container terminal system. If the equipment is reasonably planned, the service quality might be improved and the operation cost of the terminal would be reduced. In addition, the competition among ports is not only the competition of the terminal service quality, throughput, and scale but also the competition of low-energy consumption and low pollution. In order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, this paper developed a multiobjective optimization model for the joint allocation of container terminal berths and Quay cranes. The model is developed based on preference of ships for berths, and the impact of carbon emission cost on terminal operations have been considered. The carbon cost from two aspects, namely, reducing the operation cost of ships and minimizing the average waiting time and departure delay of ships, has been considered. The improved adaptive genetic algorithm has been used to solve the model. A container terminal in Ningbo has been used as a case study. The carbon emission cost of the berths and quay cranes operation system has been calculated. The influence of the variation in carbon emission cost on the berths and quay cranes configuration scheme has been evaluated. The result proves that considering the carbon cost can make the berths and quay cranes operation more green and reasonable. It can be seen that the objective function value of the joint scheme is 5.92% lower than that of the traditional scheme, and the terminal operation cost of carbon emission constraints is 11.76% lower than that of no carbon emission constraints.

Integrated Scheduling of Automatic Guided Vehicles and Automatic Stacking Cranes in Automated Container Terminals Considering Landside Buffer Zone

“…Li et al proposed a new mixed-integer planning model to improve the simulation of the actual situation of container terminals by considering the bidirectional simultaneous loading and unloading operation flow and the number of critical equipment constraints ( 27 ). Duan et al developed a multi-objective optimization model for the joint configuration of container terminal berths and QCs with the objective of reducing CO 2 emissions ( 28 ). The model considers carbon costs achieved specifically by reducing vessel operating costs and minimizing average vessel waiting times and departure delays.…”

Berth Allocation and Crane Assignment Problem in Continuous Berth Containers Vessels Terminals

“…Some researchers such as [20,4] have focused on the effect of increasing the vessel's time in port on the amount of quay crane fuel consumption. Junliang He [4] formulated a mixed integer programming model to minimize the total departure delay time and the cost of quay crane energy consumption in the integrated berth allocation (BAP)and quay crane assignment (QCAP) problem.…”

“…The results of experiments show how the model is more effective. Duan et al [20] proposed a multi-objective optimization mode to schedule the berth and quay crane in the container terminal. The authors suggested a multi-objective optimization model for scheduling quay crane and berth at the container terminal.…”

Discretization-Strategy-Based Solution for Berth Allocation and Quay Crane Assignment Problem

“…Due to the high complexity, heuristic algorithms are usually employed for solving the BACAP [26], especially for dealing with large-scale problems. Apart from the methods mentioned above, other heuristics, especially the genetic algorithm [27], have also been applied to solve BACAP. In GA, the constraint handling strategy has a great influence on the quality of the obtained near-optimal solution.…”