Combined effect of environmental pollutants (nickel, chlorpyrifos) and temperature on the ground beetle,Pterostichus oblongopunctatus(Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Abstract

Terrestrial organisms in the field often are exposed to a combination of stress factors of various origins, but little is known about interactions between different types of stressors. In the present study, we demonstrate the results of a study on interactions between Ni, chlorpyrifos (CPF), and temperature in the ground beetle, Pterostichus oblongopunctatus. The results revealed that all factors, and their interactions, influenced life-cycle parameters of the beetles (survival and reproduction). Significant three-factor interactions were found for effects on beetle survival, indicating that the combined negative effect of Ni and CPF was temperature dependent. In addition, significant effects of body mass were found: The survival of beetles treated with CPF and the reproduction of beetles exposed to Ni were positively correlated with body mass. All studied endpoints were affected by temperature. The results indicate that understanding interactions between temperature and toxicants, as well as among chemicals themselves, is essential for proper ecological risk assessment.

The Chronic Effects of Copper and Cadmium on Life History Traits Across Cladocera Species: A Meta-analysis

“…Life history endpoints may respond differently to the same stressor or a combination of stressors. For example, Bednarska et al ( 2009 ) found that the reproduction of adult ground beetles was most sensitive to nickel concentrations at low and high temperatures (10 and 25 °C), but the survival was less affected by the combined effect of Ni and chlorpyriphos at both temperatures. Furthermore, Laskowski et al ( 2010 ) conducted a meta-analysis on the interactions between toxic chemicals and natural environmental factors across a range of vertebrates and invertebrates species (including metals and D. magna ), finding that the effects of toxicants on organisms may differ depending on external factors.…”

Toxicity interaction between chlorpyrifos, mancozeb and soil moisture to the terrestrial isopod Porcellionides pruinosus

“…As such, if the interaction between chemicals is low, the additional effects of environmental factors on each component of the mixture is likely to become the main source of uncertainty, being thus the main driver for potential deviations to the predicted toxicity. More studies are however needed to confirm this hypothesis since the effects of natural environmental factors on pesticide mixtures, or mixtures of xenobiotics in general, are still largely unknown (Bednarska et al, 2009;Laskowski et al, 2010). Given the impossibility of assessing every single pesticide under all exposure scenarios, a critical step would have to be the prioritization of the most relevant conditions to be assessed for a particular compound.…”

“…The cumulative evidence that different environmental conditions and chemical stressors can interact, influencing each other's effects on soil biota has been pushing ecotoxicologists to assess increasingly complex scenarios (van Gestel and van Diepen, 1997;Bednarska et al, 2009;Cardoso et al, 2014;Lima et al, 2014;Ferreira et al, 2015). This situation has been prompted by the growing awareness that studies currently supporting environmental risk assessments may not be representative of realistic exposures to xenobiotics since they neglect the simultaneous occurrence of mulhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.10.034 0045-6535/© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.…”