Combined effect of nucleating agent and plasticizer on the crystallization behaviour of polylactide

Anakabe, Jon; Zaldua, Ane Miren; Eceiza, Arantxa; Arbelaiz, A.; Avérous, Luc

doi:10.1007/s00289-017-1989-z

Cited by 27 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Figure shows the DSC thermograms of this sample and an un‐aged PLAcryst sample. The melting enthalpy is around 46 J g −1 in both curves, and the peaks show no important variations except the appearance of a small endothermic shoulder corresponding to the α' to α transition . However, there is a clear variation at the glass transition temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Two formulations based on PLA were selected due to their interesting properties: (1) for PLA/PMMA blend 80/20 wt%, PLA Ingeo 3051D and PMMA Plexiglass zk5BR were purchased from NatureWorks LLC and Evonic ROM GmbH, respectively; (2) for PLA 99.5 /DOA/talc at 90/5/5 wt%, PLA with >99.5% l ‐lactic acid content was kindly provided by Total Petrochemical, DOA was obtained from Vinkaplast and Luzenac HAR T84 talc was kindly provided by Imerys Talc. More information about the materials has been reported elsewhere . For ease of reading, the two systems PLA/PMMA blend 80/20 wt% and PLA 99.5 /DOA/talc are labelled PLAblend and PLAcryst, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The twin screw extrusion process carried out to obtain PLAblend and PLAcryst has been reported elsewhere . Dumb‐bell type specimens (according to ISO 527) were injection moulded for the subsequent characterization.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of the mechanical properties and estimation of the useful lifespan of poly(lactic acid) based compounds

Anakabe

Santamaria‐Echart

Eceiza

et al. 2018

Polymer International

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The useful lifespans of a poly(lactic acid)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PLA/PMMA) 80/20 (wt%) blend and a poly(lactic acid)/dioctyl adipate/talc (PLA/DOA/talc) compound have been estimated by applying an Arrhenius relationship to the evolution of the mechanical properties whilst ageing. The studied PLA based systems showed lower activation energies (ca 8 − 20 kJ mol−1) than those reported in the literature for other synthetic thermoplastics, indicating lower thermo‐oxidative stability. However, both systems were interesting choices for semi‐durable applications in terms of useful lifespan estimations. The PLA/PMMA blend showed a drastic loss in stiffness at Tg due to its almost amorphous structure whereas, in contrast, PLA/DOA/talc showed acceptable mechanical properties above its glass transition temperature due to its semicrystalline structure. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of the mechanical properties and estimation of the useful lifespan of poly(lactic acid) based compounds

Anakabe

Santamaria‐Echart

Eceiza

et al. 2018

Polymer International

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“…The subsequent melting peak of α crystals was detected between 176 and 181 °C for all samples, regardless of the molecular weight. The existence of the two different crystal modifications α and α′ obtained at low and high crystallization temperatures respectively explains the dual‐melting‐peak behaviour of PLA, which has been thoroughly studied …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the annealing procedure and the molecular weight on the crystalline phase morphology and thermal properties of polylactide

Hortós

Anakabe

Arrillaga

et al. 2019

Polymer International

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The thermomechanical properties of poly(lactide) (PLA) are strongly related to its semicrystalline microstructure and morphology. Thermal annealing is a strategy to improve the crystallinity of PLA. However, the different techniques and specimen types needed for each kind of characterization could lead to misleading conclusions. In this work, annealed samples of three PLA grades with different molecular weights were studied by DSC, wide angle X‐ray scattering and polarized optical microscopy (POM) and the results are related to their thermomechanical and impact properties. Special focus is put on the POM results obtained by different approaches and the suitability of each of them to be related to the thermomechanical properties. By annealing medium molecular weight PLA specimens at 140 °C an important increase of the heat distortion temperature was obtained, which was not related to the spherulite size but to the combination of high crystallinity degree together with high α/α′ crystal type ratio. However, the impact properties of annealed PLA decreased with increase in the annealing temperature according to an increment in crystallinity and in the α/α′ crystal ratio. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…In addition, to investigate the effect on the final crystallinity content of the primary polymer phase (PLA), combinations in the formulations of the talc with other nucleating agents including poly( d ‐lactic acid) (PDLA), ethylene bisstearamide (EBS), and TiO 2 were studied. The effect of the selected nucleants has been already investigated and compared extensively in the literature . However, to date there are no works in which the effect of their combined use has been evaluated in terms of processing results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advance on processing of compostable and thermally stable biodegradable polyester blends

Barletta

Aversa

Pizzi

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Flexible and semiflexible packagings can be manufactured by cast extrusion of plastic sheet and thermoforming of containers. Thermal stability is often required as packaging items after being thermoformed can come in contact with hot food/beverage, especially during hot filling operations. In this framework, the present study deals with the design and manufacturing by thermoforming of plastic containers that are, at the same time, compostable and suitable for high‐temperature applications (~100 °C). First, extrusion compounding of Poly(l‐lactic acid) (PLLA)‐based biodegradable polyester blends was performed. In particular, the effect on the material properties of different types of nucleating agents was investigated. Combinations of micro‐lamellar talc, poly(d‐lactic acid) (PDLA), ethylene bisstearamide (EBS), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) were studied. The formulations involving EBS boast the highest crystallinity and the fastest onset of the crystalline phase on sheets produced by cast extrusion. Conversely, the formulations involving TiO2 feature the lowest degree of crystallinity and the slowest onset of the crystalline phase. Combinations of talc and PDLA exhibit an intermediate behavior. Second, thermoforming of the plastic foils was performed. A very different trend of the crystallization after thermoforming is shown. Indeed, crystallinity is the highest for the formulations involving talc and PDLA, the lowest for the ones containing EBS. In conclusion, the biodegradable polyester blends are found to be suitable for the manufacturing of compostable and thermostable packaging items by cast extrusion and thermoforming. Final crystallization of the material and the resulting thermal stability can be fine‐tuned by modulating type and amount of nucleating agents. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48722.

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Combined effect of nucleating agent and plasticizer on the crystallization behaviour of polylactide

Cited by 27 publications

References 62 publications

Evolution of the mechanical properties and estimation of the useful lifespan of poly(lactic acid) based compounds

Evolution of the mechanical properties and estimation of the useful lifespan of poly(lactic acid) based compounds

Effect of the annealing procedure and the molecular weight on the crystalline phase morphology and thermal properties of polylactide

Advance on processing of compostable and thermally stable biodegradable polyester blends

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