Combined effect of water and KOH on rapeseed oil methanolysis

Abstract

SummaryThis paper deals with the effect of water and catalyst (KOH) amount on the quantity and quality of transesterification products of rapeseed oil by methanol, the methyl ester phase (i.e. yield, conversion), and the side-product, the glycerol phase (i.e. density, viscosity, the mass fraction of glycerol, esters, soaps). The dependencies were described by statistical

The Catalysed Transformation of Vegetable Oils or Animal Fats to Biofuels and Bio-Lubricants: A Review

“…The usual use of alkaline catalyst is 0.9-1.2 wt% to oil [70], which depends on the type and composition of oil and the type of the catalyst. The low-quality triacylglycerols resources with a high content of FFAs (up to 3 wt%) [71] and water [72] cannot be used for alkaline catalysts because the presence of water causes hydrolysis of oils to the FFAs [73]. The catalyst is lost (i) by neutralization of the FFAs contained in the oil (D) and (ii) by the side reaction: saponification of acylglycerols (B) or esters (C).…”

Catalyst consumption during one and two steps transesterification of crude soybean oils

“…There are several publications in which the yield loss has been attributed to the saponification reaction, but no soaps determinations were carried out. In few papers these measurements have been done [3,[24][25][26][27]. Vicente et al [3] studied sodium and potassium hydroxides and methoxides catalysts, using refined sunflower oil, but using the same mass concentration, instead of the same molar concentration.…”

Investigation of the factors affecting the progress of base-catalyzed transesterification of rapeseed oil to biodiesel FAME

“…Elimination of water from the starting reactants is also important, as the transesterification reaction can be slower or even stopped by the presence of water [23]. This is because water results in the hydrolysis of esters and glycerides to FFA, as shown in Fig.…”