Combined effects of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and bisphenol A on thyroid hormone homeostasis in adolescent female rats

Zhang, Xuan; Zhao, Yulin; Cheng, Cheng; Li, Liuli; Xiao, Mingyang; Zhang, Guopei; Lu, Xiaobo

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-09949-w

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Numerous studies have assessed the effects after exposure to BPA, using different biomodels. BPA has been seen to have a negative effect on different organic systems and functions such as reproduction [28], thyroid hormone [29], endocrine pancreas [30], immune system [31], adipose tissue, and pituitary function [32]. Certain EDCs could affect the function of the pituitary gland, affecting the synthesis and secretion of these hormones.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Indirect Biomarkers of Effect after Exposure to Low Doses of Bisphenol A in a Study of Successive Generations of Mice

Bujalance-Reyes

Molina-López

Ayala-Soldado

et al. 2022

Animals

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Bisphenol A (BPA) is considered as being an emerging pollutant, to which both animal and human populations are continuously and inadvertently exposed. The identification of indirect biomarkers of effect could be a key factor in determining early adverse outcomes from exposure to low doses of BPA. Thus, this study on mice aims to evaluate and identify indirect biomarkers of effect through the analysis of their blood biochemistry, and of certain reproduction parameters after exposure to different BPA concentrations (0.5, 2, 4, 50, and 100 µg/kg BW/day) in drinking water over generations. Our results showed that there were no modifications in the reproductive parameters evaluated, like estrous cycle duration, litter size, or the percentage of the young alive at reaching the weaning stage, at the exposure levels evaluated. However, there were modifications in the biochemical parameters, e.g., alterations in the glucose levels, that increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the breeders at the higher exposure doses (50 and 100 µg/kg BW/day in F1; 50 µg/kg BW/day in F2 and 100 µg/kg BW/day in F3), that would suggest that the BPA could induce hyperglycemia and its complications in adult animals, probably due to some damage in the pancreas cells; albumin, that increased in the breeders exposed to the highest dose in F1 and F3, inferring possible hepatic alterations. Further, total proteins showed a diminution in their values in F1 and F2, except the group exposed to 100 µg/kg BW/day, whereas in F3 the values of this parameter increased with respect to the control group, this aspect likely being related to a possible hepatic and renal alteration. Based on these results, glucose, albumin, and total proteins could initially be considered as early indicators of indirect effect after prolonged exposure to low BPA doses over generations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Indirect Biomarkers of Effect after Exposure to Low Doses of Bisphenol A in a Study of Successive Generations of Mice

Bujalance-Reyes

Molina-López

Ayala-Soldado

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…The combined effects of DEHP and BPA on thyroid function during puberty was also explored in female Sprague-Dawley rats treated per os by gavage from postnatal day 28 to 70—similar to the present juvenile experiment—with DEHP (0, 150 and 750 mg/kg/day) and BPA (0, 20 and 100 mg/kg/day), alone or in mixture. The study concluded that DEHP and BPA in mixture may disturb the thyroid hormone homeostasis and consequently the development of the thyroid during puberty [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Baralić et al [ 12 ] reported that in a mixture experiment with 50 mg/kg bw/day DEHP + 50 mg/kg bw/day dibutyl phthalate (DBP) + 25 mg/kg bw/day BPA, adult male rats presented changes in lipid profile, liver-related biochemical parameters, glucose and testosterone levels, more pronounced in the mixture. Moreover, the BPA and DEHP mixture may disturb the thyroid hormone homeostasis in female rats treated during puberty [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Assessment of Oral Co-Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) and Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) in Juvenile Rats at Environmentally Relevant Dose Levels: Evaluation of the Synergic, Additive or Antagonistic Effects

Tassinari

Tait

Busani

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: The general population (including children) is exposed to chemical mixtures. Plasticizers such as Bisphenol A (BPA) and Phthalates (mainly Bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-DEHP) are widespread contaminants classified as endocrine disrupters which share some toxicological profiles and coexist in food and environment. Methods: To identify hazards of DEHP and BPA mixtures, the juvenile toxicity test—where rodents are in peripubertal phase of development, resembling childhood—was selected using exposure data from biomonitoring study in children. Biological activity and potential enhanced and/or reduced toxicological effects of mixtures due to common mechanisms were studied, considering endpoints of metabolic, endocrine and reproductive systems. The degree of synergy or antagonism was evaluated by synergy score calculation, using present data and results from the single compound individually administered. Results: In metabolic system, synergic interaction predominates in female and additive in male rats; in the reproductive and endocrine systems, the co-exposure of BPA and DEHP showed interactions mainly of antagonism type. Conclusions: The present approach allows to evaluate, for all the endpoints considered, the type of interaction between contaminants relevant for human health. Although the mode of action and biological activities of the mixtures are not completely addressed, it can be of paramount usefulness to support a more reliable risk assessment.

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“…However, the exposure to these agents has significant consequences on human health since, once ingested or inhaled, they are harmful for health as they act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), i.e., they are able to interfere with the endocrine system by modulating and/or disrupting the metabolic and hormonal functions responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis, reproduction, development, and/or behavior [1]. As many studies have shown, they increase the risk to develop endocrine and cardiometabolic diseases such as obesity [2,3], non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [4][5][6][7] diabetes, and impairment in insulin secretion and beta cell function [8][9][10], hypertension [11][12][13][14], atherosclerosis [9,15,16], coronary artery disease (CAD) [17][18][19][20], chronic kidney disease (CKD) [21][22][23], and thyroid dysfunction [24][25][26] (Figure 1). The longer the exposure (e.g., prenatal or during childhood) the higher the risk [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Exposure to Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) Metabolites and Bisphenol A (BPA) and Its Importance for the Prevention of Cardiometabolic Diseases

2022

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Exposomics analyses have highlighted the importance of biomonitoring of human exposure to pollutants, even non-persistent, for the prevention of non-communicable diseases such as obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular diseases. Phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) are endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) widely used in industry and in a large range of daily life products that increase the risk of endocrine and cardiometabolic diseases especially if the exposure starts during childhood. Thus, biomonitoring of exposure to these compounds is important not only in adulthood but also in childhood. This was the goal of the LIFE-PERSUADED project that measured the exposure to phthalates (DEHP metabolites, MEHP, MEHHP, MEOHP) and BPA in Italian mother–children couples of different ages. In this paper we describe the method that was set up for the LIFE PERSUADED project and validated during the proficiency test (ICI/EQUAS) showing that accurate determination of urinary phthalates and BPA can be achieved starting from small sample size (0.5 mL) using two MS techniques applied in cascade on the same deconjugated matrix.

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Combined effects of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and bisphenol A on thyroid hormone homeostasis in adolescent female rats

Cited by 18 publications

References 59 publications

Analysis of Indirect Biomarkers of Effect after Exposure to Low Doses of Bisphenol A in a Study of Successive Generations of Mice

Analysis of Indirect Biomarkers of Effect after Exposure to Low Doses of Bisphenol A in a Study of Successive Generations of Mice

Toxicological Assessment of Oral Co-Exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) and Bis(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) in Juvenile Rats at Environmentally Relevant Dose Levels: Evaluation of the Synergic, Additive or Antagonistic Effects

Assessment of Exposure to Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) Metabolites and Bisphenol A (BPA) and Its Importance for the Prevention of Cardiometabolic Diseases

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