Combined effects of lactotripeptide and aerobic exercise on cognitive function and cerebral oxygenation in middle-aged and older adults

Hamasaki, Ai; Akazawa, Nobuhiko; Yoshikawa, Toru; Myoenzono, Kanae; Tanahashi, Koichiro; Sawano, Yuriko; Nakata, Yoshio; Maeda, Seiji

doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqy235

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Some studies have suggested that this reduction is due to the learning effects on the tests, especially the less complex ones, resulting in smaller differences between the placebo and intervention groups. Still, the consumption of L-homoarginine and lactotripeptide did not exert any beneficial effect, which could be attributed to the short supplementation period of 4 and 8 weeks, respectively, and/or the small sample size (n = 20 and n = 35) [41,43]. Taurine is a sulfur compound with many functions in the nervous system.…”

Section: Protein and Amino Acid Supplementsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A study conducted over 268 community-dwelling adults without dementia showed that administration of 200 µg/d of a casein-derived peptide Met-Lys-Pro (MKP) for 24 weeks significantly improved the ADAS-Cog subscale, but not the ADAS-Cog total score compared to the placebo group [40]. Similarly, the intake of lactotripeptide tablets containing 1.4 mg/d valine-proline-proline and 2.0 mg/d isoleucine-proline-proline for 8 weeks also did not produce significant improvements in cognitive assessments in 35 middle-aged and older adults [41]. A parallel trial investigating the effect of taurine supplementation (150 mL/d water containing 1.5 g taurine) for 14 weeks also failed to show significant benefits on cognition in older women [42].…”

Section: Protein and Amino Acid Supplements (N = 7)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Of special interest are also the changes on brain integrity, as revealed by structural, function and metabolic changes. Brain image could be a surrogate marker of cognitive changes associated with nutrition, but few in this review have used them [27,28,37,41,50,64,65,72]. Since vascular dysfunction and synaptic loss are common features of cognitive impairment, increase in blood perfusion, glucose metabolism and neuronal activation might be good biomarkers of cognitive impairment.…”

Section: Potential Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Nutrition on Cognitive Function in Adults with or without Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

et al. 2021

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New dietary approaches for the prevention of cognitive impairment are being investigated. However, evidence from dietary interventions is mainly from food and nutrient supplement interventions, with inconsistent results and high heterogeneity between trials. We conducted a comprehensive systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in MEDLINE-PubMed, from January 2018 to July 2021, investigating the impact of dietary counseling, as well as food-based and dietary supplement interventions on cognitive function in adults with or without cognitive impairment. Based on the search strategy, 197 eligible publications were used for data abstraction. Finally, 61 articles were included in the analysis. There was reasonable evidence that dietary patterns, as well as food and dietary supplements improved cognitive domains or measures of brain integrity. The Mediterranean diet showed promising results, whereas the role of the DASH diet was not clear. Healthy food consumption improved cognitive function, although the quality of these studies was relatively low. The role of dietary supplements was mixed, with strong evidence of the benefits of polyphenols and combinations of nutrients, but with low evidence for PUFAs, vitamin D, specific protein, amino acids, and other types of supplements. Further well-designed RCTs are needed to guide the development of dietary approaches for the prevention of cognitive impairment.

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Section: Protein and Amino Acid Supplementsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Protein and Amino Acid Supplements (N = 7)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Potential Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Nutrition on Cognitive Function in Adults with or without Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

et al. 2021

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“…Finally, 45 original intervention studies were identified, of which 16 used MRI (10 of these studies used arterial spin labeling, two studies used gadolinium as a contrast agent, and one study used PET), 20 transcranial Doppler ultrasound, and eight NIRS. Twenty-six RCTs were included (MRI: n = 10 [ Chapman et al, 2013;Espeland et al, 2018;Kaiser et al, 2021;Kaufman et al, 2021;Kleinloog et al, 2019;Maass et al, 2015;Maffei et al, 2017;Moore et al, 2015;Small et al, 2006;van der Kleij et al, 2018]; transcranial Doppler ultrasound: n = 12 [Akazawa et al, 2012;Bailey, Cable, Aziz, Atkinson, et al, 2016;Cho & Roh, 2019;Green et al, 2021;Hata et al, 1998;Heli et al, 2013;Ivey et al, 2011;Lee et al, 2021;Miller et al, 2022;Northey et al, 2019;Thomas et al, 2021;Tomoto, Liu, et al, 2021]; and NIRS: n = 4 [Fu et al, 2013;Hamasaki et al, 2019;Tsai et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2010]) that involved a control group, which performed no exercise or performed activities not affecting fitness levels (e.g., yoga or stretching). The remaining 18 studies (MRI: n = 6 [Alfini et al, 2019;Anazodo et al, 2016;Burdette et al, 2010;Pereira et al, 2007;Robertson et al, 2017;Steventon et al, 2021]; transcranial Doppler ultrasound: n = 8 [Akazawa et al, 2018;Bailey, Cable, Miller, et al, 2016;Drapeau et al, 2019;…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Physical Exercise Training on Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements: A Systematic Review of Human Intervention Studies

Kleinloog

Nijssen

Mensink

et al. 2023

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism

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The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effects of physical exercise training on cerebral blood flow (CBF), which is a physiological marker of cerebrovascular function. Relationships between training-induced effects on CBF with changes in cognitive performance were also discussed. A systematic search was performed up to July 2022. Forty-five intervention studies with experimental, quasi-experimental, or pre–post designs were included. Sixteen studies (median duration: 14 weeks) investigated effects of physical exercise training on CBF markers using magnetic resonance imaging, 20 studies (median duration: 14 weeks) used transcranial Doppler ultrasound, and eight studies (median duration: 8 weeks) used near-infrared spectroscopy. Studies using magnetic resonance imaging observed consistent increases in CBF in the anterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus, but not in whole-brain CBF. Effects on resting CBF—measured with transcranial Doppler ultrasound and near-infrared spectroscopy—were variable, while middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity increased in some studies following exercise or hypercapnic stimuli. Interestingly, concomitant changes in physical fitness and regional CBF were observed, while a relation between training-induced effects on CBF and cognitive performance was evident. In conclusion, exercise training improved cerebrovascular function because regional CBF was changed. Studies are however still needed to establish whether exercise-induced improvements in CBF are sustained over longer periods of time and underlie the observed beneficial effects on cognitive performance.

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“…Benecoat was developed as a bitter taste inhibitor by Katsuragi and Kurihara in Japan two decades ago in the food field. 8) However, it was never actually used as it is a decomposed product of phospholipids, with a unique smell and taste, and was not acceptable to many patients, especially children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bitterness-Suppressing Effect of Umami Dipeptides and Their Constituent Amino Acids on Diphenhydramine: Evaluation by Gustatory Sensation and Taste Sensor Testing

et al. 2020

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Diphenhydramine, a sedating antihistamine, is an agonist of human bitter taste receptor 14 (hTAS2R14). Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) was used as a model bitter medicine to evaluate whether the umami dipeptides (Glu-Glu and Asp-Asp) and their constituent amino acids (Glu, Asp) could suppress its bitterness intensity, as measured by human gustatory sensation testing and using the artificial taste sensor. Various concentrated (0.001-5.0 mM) Glu-Glu, Asp-Asp, Glu and Asp significantly suppressed the taste sensor output of 0.5 mM DPH solution in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of umami dipeptides and their constituent amino acids was tending to be ranked as follows, Asp-Asp > Glu-Glu >> Gly-Gly, and Asp > Glu >> Gly (control) respectively. Whereas human bitterness intensity of 0.5 mM DPH solution with various concentrated (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 mM) Glu-Glu, Asp-Asp, Glu and Asp all significantly reduced bitterness intensity of 0.5 mM DPH solution even though no statistical difference was observed among four substances. The taste sensor outputs and the human gustatory sensation test results showed a significant correlation. A surface plasmon resonance study using hTAS2R14 protein and these substances suggested that the affinity of Glu-Glu, Asp-Asp, Glu and Asp for hTAS2R14 protein was greater than that of Gly-Gly or Gly. The results of dockingsimulation studies involving DPH, Glu-Glu and Asp-Asp with hTAS2R14, suggested that DPH is able to bind to a space near the binding position of Glu-Glu and Asp-Asp. In conclusion, the umami dipeptides Glu-Glu and Asp-Asp, and their constituent amino acids, can all efficiently suppress the bitterness of DPH.

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Combined effects of lactotripeptide and aerobic exercise on cognitive function and cerebral oxygenation in middle-aged and older adults

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of Nutrition on Cognitive Function in Adults with or without Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

Effects of Nutrition on Cognitive Function in Adults with or without Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

Effects of Physical Exercise Training on Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements: A Systematic Review of Human Intervention Studies

Bitterness-Suppressing Effect of Umami Dipeptides and Their Constituent Amino Acids on Diphenhydramine: Evaluation by Gustatory Sensation and Taste Sensor Testing

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