Combined effects of nitrogen fertilization and biochar on the net global warming potential, greenhouse gas intensity and net ecosystem economic budget in intensive vegetable agriculture in southeastern China

Li, Bo; Fan, Changhua; Zhang, H.; Chen, Z.Z.; Sun, Liying; Xiong, Zhengqin

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.10.034

Cited by 168 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…When nitrogen rates exceeded crop nitrogen demand, net GWP and GHGI increased linearly [56], suggesting that excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers can induce net GHG emissions. Similar results have been reported by several researchers [8,66,67]. Therefore, nitrogen fertilizers should be applied at optimum rates to reduce net GWP and GHGI while sustaining crop yields.…”

Section: Nitrogen Fertilizationsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Nitrogen fertilization typically stimulates N 2 O emissions when the amount of applied nitrogen exceeds crop nitrogen demand [3,[8][9][10]21]. Nitrogen fertilization, however, can have a variable effect on CO 2 and CH 4 emissions [15,22].…”

Section: −1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the improved management practices used for reducing net GWP and GHGI from croplands are no-till, increased cropping intensity, diversified crop rotation, cover cropping, and reduced N fertilization rates [3,4,[7][8][9][10]. Soil organic carbon can usually be increased by adopting no-tillage practice which decreases microbial activity and CO 2 emissions as a result of reduced soil disturbance and residue incorporation compared with conventional tillage practice [3,11].…”

Section: −1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the calculations of net GWP and GHGI, emissions of N 2 O and CH 4 are converted into their CO 2 equivalents of global warming potentials which are 265 and 28, respectively, for a time horizon of 100 year [2]. The balance between soil carbon sequestration rate, N 2 O and CH 4 emissions (or CH 4 uptake), and crop yield typically controls net GWP and GHGI [3,4,7].Some of the improved management practices used for reducing net GWP and GHGI from croplands are no-till, increased cropping intensity, diversified crop rotation, cover cropping, and reduced N fertilization rates [3,4,[7][8][9][10]. Soil organic carbon can usually be increased by adopting no-tillage practice which decreases microbial activity and CO 2 emissions as a result of reduced soil disturbance and residue incorporation compared with conventional tillage practice [3,11].…”

mentioning

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Agricultural Management Impact on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Sainju¹

2018

Climate Resilient Agriculture - Strategies and Perspectives

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Management practices used on croplands to enhance crop yields and quality can contribute about 10-20% of global greenhouse gases (GHGs: carbon dioxide [CO 2 ], nitrous oxide [N 2 O], and methane [CH 4 ]). Some of these practices are tillage, cropping systems, N fertilization, organic fertilizer application, cover cropping, fallowing, liming, etc. The impact of these practices on GHGs in radiative forcing in the earth's atmosphere is quantitatively estimated by calculating net global warming potential (GWP) which accounts for all sources and sinks of CO 2 equivalents from farm operations, chemical inputs, soil carbon sequestration, and N 2 O and CH 4 emissions. Net GWP for a crop production system is expressed as kg CO 2 eq. ha −1 year. −1 Net GWP can also be expressed in terms of crop yield (kg CO 2 eq. kg −1 grain or biomass yield) which is referred to as net greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) or yieldscaled GWP and is calculated by dividing net GWP by crop yield. This article discusses the literature review of the effects of various management practices on GWP and GHGI from croplands as well as different methods used to calculate net GWP and GHGI. The paper also discusses novel management techniques to mitigate net CO 2 emissions from croplands to the atmosphere. This information will be used to address the state of global carbon cycle.Keywords: crop yield, greenhouse gas, global warming, potential, management practice, soil carbon sequestration OverviewManagement practices on croplands can contribute about 10-20% of global greenhouse gases (GHGs: carbon dioxide [CO 2 ], nitrous oxide [N 2 O], and methane [CH 4 ]) [1,2]. Quantitative estimate of the impact of these GHGs in radiative forcing in the earth's atmosphere is done by calculating net global warming potential (GWP) which accounts for all sources and sinks of CO 2 equivalents from farm operations, chemical inputs, soil carbon (C) sequestration, and N 2 O and © 2018 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.CH 4 emissions [3,4]. Net GWP for a crop production system is expressed as kg CO 2 eq. ha −1 year. −1Net GWP can also be expressed in terms of crop yield (kg CO 2 eq. kg −1 grain or biomass yield)which is referred to as net greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) or yield-scaled GWP and is calculated by dividing net GWP by crop yield [3]. These values can be affected both by net GHG emissions and crop yields. Sources of GHGs in agroecosystems include N 2 O and CH 4 emissions (or CH 4 uptake) as well as CO 2 emissions associated with farm machinery used for tillage, planting, harvesting, and manufacture, transportation, and applications of chemical inputs, such as fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides, while soil carbon sequestration rate can be either a sink or source of CO 2 [4][5][6]. In the calculations o...

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Section: Nitrogen Fertilizationsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: −1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: −1mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agricultural Management Impact on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Sainju¹

2018

Climate Resilient Agriculture - Strategies and Perspectives

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“…As a result, great concern exists about excess N fertilizer application and low N use efficiency in intensive vegetable fields in China (Deng et al, 2013;Diao et al, 2013;Li et al, 2017). Meanwhile, intensive vegetable agriculture is considered to be an important source of N 2 O (Xiong et al, 2006;Jia et al, 2012;Li et al, 2015b;Zhang et al, 2015) and NO production ). Moreover, NH 3 volatilization is another important N pathway in fertilized soil, resulting in large losses of soil-plant N (Pacholski et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar reduces yield-scaled emissions of reactive nitrogen gases from vegetable soils across China

Fan

Chen

et al. 2017

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Biochar amendment to soil has been proposed as a strategy for sequestering carbon, mitigating climate change and enhancing crop productivity. However, few studies have compared the general effect of different feedstock-derived biochars on the various gaseous reactive nitrogen emissions (GNrEs) of N 2 O, NO and NH 3 simultaneously across the typical vegetable soils in China. A greenhouse pot experiment with five consecutive vegetable crops was conducted to investigate the effects of two contrasting biochars, namely wheat straw biochar (B w ) and swine manure biochar (B m ) on GNrEs, vegetable yield and gaseous reactive nitrogen intensity (GNrI) in four typical soils which are representative of the intensive vegetable cropping systems across mainland China: an Acrisol from Hunan Province, an Anthrosol from Shanxi Province, a Cambisol from Shandong Province and a Phaeozem from Heilongjiang Province. Results showed that remarkable GNrE mitigation induced by biochar occurred in Anthrosol and Phaeozem, whereas enhancement of yield occurred in Cambisol and Phaeozem. Additionally, both biochars decreased GNrI through reducing N 2 O and NO emissions by 36.4-59.1 and 37.0-49.5 % for B w (except for Cambisol), respectively, and by improving yield by 13.5-30.5 % for B m (except for Acrisol and Anthrosol). Biochar amendments generally stimulated the NH 3 emissions with greater enhancement from B m than B w . We can infer that the biochar's effects on the GNrEs and vegetable yield strongly depend on the attributes of the soil and biochar. Therefore, in order to achieve the maximum benefits under intensive greenhouse vegetable agriculture, both soil type and biochar characteristics should be seriously considered before conducting large-scale biochar applications.

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Effects of Water‐Washed Biochar on Soil Properties, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, and Rice Yield

Wang

Liu

et al. 2018

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Biochar application might be a newly agricultural method for improving soil quality and carbon sequestration by its special physical and chemical properties, which has generated great interest for scientists and policy makers. However, the physical structure of biochar and its effect on N2O and CH4 emissions are not yet clear. The effect of bamboo biochar and water‐washed bamboo biochar with or without N fertilization on greenhouse gas emissions, soil properties, and rice yield in a pot experiment were investigated. The results showed that biochar application increased soil pH, total N content, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and rice plant growth. Although biochar application increased DOC content, N2O and CH4 emissions decreased. The soil NnormalH4+ and NnormalO3− contents were significantly decreased by biochar application, indicating that bamboo biochar has a remarkable ability to absorb NnormalH4+ and NnormalO3−. However, no significant differences in N2O emission were observed between biochar and washed biochar treatment. The CH4 emission in the washed biochar treatment was decreased to a greater extent than in the unwashed biochar, indicating that washed biochar has a greater inhibitory effect on CH4 emission than does unwashed biochar, and that the stable physical structure of biochar might be an important factor for reducing CH4 emissions. Additional studies are needed to investigate the role of functional microorganism in order to better understand the biochar on greenhouse gas emissions from paddy soils.

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Combined effects of nitrogen fertilization and biochar on the net global warming potential, greenhouse gas intensity and net ecosystem economic budget in intensive vegetable agriculture in southeastern China

Cited by 168 publications

References 62 publications

Agricultural Management Impact on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Agricultural Management Impact on Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Biochar reduces yield-scaled emissions of reactive nitrogen gases from vegetable soils across China

Effects of Water‐Washed Biochar on Soil Properties, Greenhouse Gas Emissions, and Rice Yield

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