Combined effects of simulated rainfall and overland flow on sediment and solute transport in hillslope erosion

Guo, Zhonglu; Ma, Mei-jing; Cai, Chang; Wu, Yiwen

doi:10.1007/s11368-017-1868-0

Cited by 62 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Ultisols (locally known as red soil) cover approximately 1.14 million km 2 in tropical and subtropical regions of South-Eastern China, representing the dominant soil in South America and Southeastern Asia [1,2]. Inappropriate soil management practices with intensive land development and utilization, as well as unfavorable soil properties, increase the risk of erosion and have been linked with low productivity, resulting in a great hindrance to the local socioeconomic development [3][4][5]. Fortunately, the adverse effect of soil erosion and degradation could be offset by improved management practices such as fertilizer input and agronomic management, which potentially could increase soil organic matter (SOM) or soil organic carbon (SOC) and restore soil physical properties, including soil aggregate stability [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregate Stability under Long-Term Fertilization Practices: The Case of Eroded Ultisols of South-Central China

Guo¹,

Zhang

Yang³

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Soil aggregate stability is an important aspect of soil function and health. Fertilization could potentially alter soil properties and thereby affect aggregate stability. To determine which fertilizer is useful for improving soil fertility and stabilizing soil aggregates and thereby reducing soil erodibility, we examined three types of fertilizer, and measured how soil organic carbon, carbohydrates, and related soil properties influenced aggregate stability in eroded Ultisols. Treatments included control (CK), mineral fertilizer nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) (NPK), fertilizer NPK plus straw (NPKS), and farmyard manure (FYM). Aggregate stability was tested according to Le Bissonnais method, involving three disruptive tests: fast wetting (FW), slow wetting (SW), and mechanical breakdown (WS). Total organic carbon, particulate organic carbon, mineral-associated carbon, and cold-water-soluble carbohydrate, hot-water-soluble carbohydrate, and dilute acid hydrolysable carbohydrate were measured, as well as soil intrinsic properties (including pH, bulk density, iron and aluminum oxides). The 12-year fertilization had a larger effect on aggregate stability and related soil properties in a 0–15 cm soil layer, whereas no effect was evident at a soil depth of 15–40 cm. MWD (mean weight diameter) under the three tests decreased with increasing soil depth. Fertilization, especially farmyard manure evidently improved MWDFW and MWDWS at a depth of 0–15 cm. Slaking was the main mechanism of aggregate breakdown in Ultisols studied, followed by mechanical breakdown. Correlation analysis showed that MWDFW and MWDWS at a depth of 0–15 cm increased with the increase of particulate organic carbon, total organic carbon, hot-water-soluble carbohydrate and pH. Furthermore, their interaction with amorphous iron oxides enhanced aggregate stability against slaking or, with amorphous aluminum oxides, modified aggregate stability against mechanical breakdown. Consequently, particulate organic carbon was the dominant cementing agent for aggregation in Ultisols studied, and its combination with pH, amorphous aluminum oxides, amorphous iron oxides, and free aluminum oxides play a synergetic role in stabilizing soil aggregate. Accordingly, farmyard manure or fertilizer NPK plus straw improved soil fertility and the ability to resist slaking.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggregate Stability under Long-Term Fertilization Practices: The Case of Eroded Ultisols of South-Central China

Guo¹,

Zhang

Yang³

et al. 2019

Sustainability

Self Cite

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“…Guo, Ma, Cai, and Wu (2018) found that both the Reynolds number and the mean flow velocity were good indicators of unit sediment load. Guo, Ma, Cai, and Wu (2018) found that both the Reynolds number and the mean flow velocity were good indicators of unit sediment load.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Sediment transport capacity can also be calculated by compound hydraulic parameters, such as mean velocity, shear stress, stream power, and unit stream power. Guo, Ma, Cai, and Wu (2018) found that both the Reynolds number and the mean flow velocity were good indicators of unit sediment load. Sajjadi and Mahmoodabadi (2015) concluded that rain-induced sediment concentration at small scales can be modelled precisely on the basis of the flow velocity parameter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nondimensional sediment transport capacity of sand soils and its response to parameter in the Loess Plateau of China

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2019

Hydrological Processes

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Soil erosion is a major contributor to land degradation in the Loess Plateau in China.To clarify the sediment transport capacity of overland flow influenced by hydraulic parameters, such as shear stress, sand shear stress (hydraulic gradient partition method and hydraulic radius partition method), mean flow velocity, Froude number, stream power, and unit stream power, indoor experiments with eight-unit-width flow discharges from 0.0667 × 10 −3 to 0.3333 × 10 −3 m 2 Ás −1 , six slope gradients from 3.49 to 20.79%, and two kinds of sand soils (d 50 = 0.17 and 0.53 mm) were systematically investigated. A nondimensional method was adopted in data processing. Results showed that there was a partition phenomenon of relation curves because of the different median grain diameters. The correlation between the nondimensional stream power and nondimensional sediment transport capacity was the highest, followed by the correlation between the nondimensional unit stream power and nondimensional sediment transport capacity. However, there was a poor correlation between the flow intensity indices of velocity category and nondimensional sediment transport capacity. Nondimensional stream power, nondimensional unit stream power, and nondimensional shear stress could predict sediment transport capacity well. Ignoring the partition phenomenon of the relation curves, stream power could be used to predict sediment transport capacity, with a coefficient of determination of .85. Furthermore, a general flow intensity index was obtained to predict sediment transport capacity of overland flow. Finally, an empirical formula for predicting sediment transport capacity with a coefficient of determination of .90 was established by multiple regression analyses based on the general flow intensity index. During the analysis between measured sediment transport capacities in present study and predicted values based on Zhang model, Mahmoodabadi model, and Wu model, it was found that these three models could not accurately predict sediment transport capacities of this study because different models are estimated on the basis of different experimental conditions. K E Y W O R D Shydrodynamic parameters, Loess Plateau, nondimensional sediment transport capacity, sand soils

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“…In the process of rill erosion, the rill morphology is largely determined by the hydrodynamic characteristics of the rill flow. In addition, rill flow hydraulic parameters (e.g., flow velocity, flow depth, Reynolds number, Froude number and Darcy-Weisbach coefficient) (Govers et al, 2007;Niu et al, 2019;Omidvar et al, 2019;Yang et al, 2020) and dynamic parameters (e.g., shear stress, stream power and unit stream power) (Zheng et al, 2004;Li et al, 2016;Guo et al, 2018) are also often used to describe the rill erosion mechanism on slopes. For example, by studying the hydrodynamic characteristics of rill erosion, Nearing et al (1997), Reichert and Norton (2013) and Shen et al (2016) found that stream power can more accurately to characterize the dynamic mechanisms of rill erosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rill Erosion on Slope of Spoil tips: experimental study of runoff scouring erosion in multiple times

Lou

Gao

Zhou

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. The soil erosion of the spoil tips seriously threatens the safety of people's lives and property and the surrounding ecological environment. Rill erosion is an important cause of water and soil loss in spoil tips. This study was conducted to investigate the process of rill erosion on the slopes of spoil tips, changes in the morphological characteristics of rills and the mechanisms of rill erosion. A Field runoff plot (5 m long, 1 m wide and 0.5 m deep) with three inflow rates (1.6, 2 and 2.4 mm min−1) and three typical slopes (28°, 32° and 36°) was used for runoff simulation experiments. The results showed that, compared with the slope and scouring times, inflow rate was the most important factor affecting rill erosion of the spoil tips. The development of rill mainly goes through three stages: the rill formation stage, the rill development stage and the rill adjustment stage. The overall predominance of parallel-shaped rills at all experiments suggested that the formation of rills was dominated by concentrated runoff. The average rill depth was the best indicator of rill morphology for evaluating rill erosion. The flow regimes under the experimental conditions were supercritical-laminar flow and supercritical-transition flow. The Reynolds number was the best hydraulic parameter for predicting rill erosion. The stream power was the best hydrodynamic parameter to describe rill erosion mechanism. These results contributed to further revealing the rill erosion mechanism on the slope of the spoil tips and provided a scientific basis for its soil erosion control.

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Combined effects of simulated rainfall and overland flow on sediment and solute transport in hillslope erosion

Cited by 62 publications

References 62 publications

Aggregate Stability under Long-Term Fertilization Practices: The Case of Eroded Ultisols of South-Central China

Aggregate Stability under Long-Term Fertilization Practices: The Case of Eroded Ultisols of South-Central China

Nondimensional sediment transport capacity of sand soils and its response to parameter in the Loess Plateau of China

Rill Erosion on Slope of Spoil tips: experimental study of runoff scouring erosion in multiple times

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