Combined Effects of Ultrahigh Vacuum and Temperature on the Viability of Some Spores and Soil Organisms

Davis, Norman S.; Silverman, G. J.; Keller, W.H.

doi:10.1128/am.11.3.202-210.1963

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Indeed, several studies report that Aspergillus spores are sturdy. For example, viability of spores of another Aspergillus species, A. niger , is minimally affected when subjected to severe vacuuming conditions and high temperatures (Davis et al ., 1963 ) and even to high levels of radiation (Cortesão et al ., 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can it be all more simple? Manufacturing aflatoxin biocontrol products using dry spores of atoxigenic isolates of Aspergillus flavus as active ingredients

Ortega‐Beltran

Kaptoge

Senghor

et al. 2021

Microbial Biotechnology

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Aflatoxin contamination of staple crops, commonly occurring in warm areas, negatively impacts human and animal health, and hampers trade and economic development. The fungus Aspergillus flavus is the major aflatoxin producer. However, not all A. flavus genotypes produce aflatoxins. Effective aflatoxin control is achieved using biocontrol products containing spores of atoxigenic A. flavus. In Africa, various biocontrol products under the tradename Aflasafe are available. Private and public sector licensees manufacture Aflasafe using spores freshly produced in laboratories adjacent to their factories. BAMTAARE, the licensee in Senegal, had difficulties to obtain laboratory equipment during its first year of production. To overcome this, a process was developed in Ibadan, Nigeria, for producing highquality dry spores. Viability and stability of the dry spores were tested and conformed to set standards. In 2019, BAMTAARE manufactured Aflasafe SN01 using dry spores produced in Ibadan and sent via courier and 19 000 ha of groundnut and maize in Senegal and The Gambia were treated. Biocontrol manufactured with dry spores was as effective as biocontrol manufactured with freshly produced spores. Treated crops contained safe and significantly (P < 0.05) less aflatoxin than untreated crops. The dry spore innovation will make biocontrol manufacturing cost-efficient in several African countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can it be all more simple? Manufacturing aflatoxin biocontrol products using dry spores of atoxigenic isolates of Aspergillus flavus as active ingredients

Ortega‐Beltran

Kaptoge

Senghor

et al. 2021

Microbial Biotechnology

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1965

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The Application of STEM and In situ Controlled Dehydration to Bacterial Systems Using ESEM

Staniewicz

Donald

Stokes³

et al. 2012

Scanning

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Transmission imaging with an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) (Wet STEM) is a recent development in the field of electron microscopy, combining the simple preparation inherent to ESEM work with an alternate form of contrast available through a STEM detector. Because the technique is relatively new, there is little information available on how best to apply this technique and which samples it is best suited for. This work is a description of the sample preparation and microscopy employed by the authors for imaging bacteria with Wet STEM (scanning transmission electron microscopy). Three different bacterial samples will be presented in this study: first, used as a model system, is Escherichia coli for which the contrast mechanisms of STEM are demonstrated along with the visual effects of a dehydration-induced collapse. This collapse, although clearly in some sense artifactual, is thought to lead to structurally meaningful morphological information. Second, Wet STEM is applied to two distinct bacterial systems to demonstrate the novel types of information accessible by this approach: the plastic-producing Cupriavidus necator along with wild-type and ΔmreC knockout mutants of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Cupriavidus necator is shown to exhibit clear internal differences between bacteria with and without plastic granules, while the ΔmreC mutant of S. Typhimurium has an internal morphology distinct from that of the wild type.

show abstract

Combined Effects of Ultrahigh Vacuum and Temperature on the Viability of Some Spores and Soil Organisms

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Can it be all more simple? Manufacturing aflatoxin biocontrol products using dry spores of atoxigenic isolates of Aspergillus flavus as active ingredients

Can it be all more simple? Manufacturing aflatoxin biocontrol products using dry spores of atoxigenic isolates of Aspergillus flavus as active ingredients

Microorganisms

The Application of STEM and In situ Controlled Dehydration to Bacterial Systems Using ESEM

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