Combined Impact of Positive Screen for Sarcopenia and Frailty on Physical Function, Cognition and Nutrition in the Community Dwelling Older Adult

Abstract

Background While sarcopenia and frailty independently contribute to functional impairment and disability, the combined impact resulting from their interplay is unclear. We investigated if functional, physical, cognitive, and nutritional measures were more adversely affected in community-dwelling older adults who were screened positive for both frailty and sarcopenia. Methods Using the FRAIL (≥1) and SARC-F (Strength, Assistance with walking, Rising from a chair, Climbing stairs, and Falls) (≥1) scales for screening, we categorized 200 participants (age, 67.9±7.9 years) as combined (both positive, 12.5%), intermediate (either positive, 25.5%), or robust (both negative, 62%). Results Comparisons of the three groups showed that the combined group had significantly worse functional ability (Frenchay Activities Index and Modified Barthel Index), physical performance (knee extension, gait speed, and Short Physical Performance Battery score), cognition/mood (Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination [CMMSE] score and Geriatric Depression Scale), and nutrition (Mini Nutritional Assessment [MNA] score) (p<0.05, one-way analysis of variance). Post-hoc comparisons revealed similar findings between the combined and robust groups, except for knee extension and CMMSE scores. Only MNA scores were significantly lower between the intermediate and robust groups. Conclusion Functional ability, physical performance, and nutrition were more adversely affected in our study population of community-dwelling older adults who screened positive for both frailty and sarcopenia than in those who screened positive for either or neither, supporting the use of community screening for early detection and intervention for both frailty and sarcopenia as opposed to either alone.

SARC-F and the Risk of Falling in Middle-Aged and Older Community-Dwelling Postmenopausal Women

“…In our results, the mean score obtained by the participants in the SARC-F questionnaire was 1.98, which denotes low risk of sarcopenia, with 26.75% of the participants being at risk for this condition. This is comparable to the data reported by Marincolo et al [ 34 ], and higher than the 20.5% described by Lee et al [ 35 ] for community-dwelling older adults. The difference with the latter could be explained by the lower mean BMI (24.16 kg/m 2 ) and age (67.9 years) of participants, since obesity and older age are two important factors associated with sarcopenia [ 6 ].…”

Daily recommended effective and safer walking and running from integrative medicine

“…4 Furthermore, they will be involved in decreased cognitive function. 5 For these health and medical problems, authors have continued diagnosis, rehabilitation, treatment and other related activities. 6 They include several lectures for exercise and nutrition for maintaining and improving QOL.…”

Calf Circumference Measurement Protocols for Sarcopenia Screening: Differences in Agreement, Convergent Validity and Diagnostic Performance

“… 2 ) Given the implications for disease burden and public health, early detection by screening for individuals at risk in the community or primary care setting is a priority. 3 ) Calf circumference (CC) is recognized by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 consensus (AWGS’19) 1 ) and the World Health Organization 4 ) as a marker of muscle mass in older adult individuals. The results from different studies support the utility of CC as a surrogate marker for muscle mass measurement.…”