Combined microwave assisted roasting and leaching to recover platinum group metals from spent automotive catalysts

Spooren, Jeroen; Atia, Thomas Abo

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2019.106153

Cited by 46 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…A local superheating mechanism is proposed to explain the better performance of microwave-assisted leaching, furthermore, Pt and other PGM particles could be selectively heated due to the properties of the microwaves over regular heating. Spooren [108]. Subsequently, a microwave-assisted acidic leaching process with HCl 1M was performed turning into an 85% Pt recovery in only 30 min, that is, a relatively good performing minimizing energetic consumption and the use of aggressive (and hazardous) leaching agents.…”

Section: Other Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Recovery Techniques for a Circular Economy

et al. 2021

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Platinum and other metals are very scarce materials widely used in the energy and transportation sector among other sectors. Obtaining Platinum is becoming more difficult due to its scarcity on earth and because of the high amount of energy and water used for its extraction. In this regard, the recycling of platinum is necessary for sustainable technologies and for reaching a circular economy towards this expensive and rare metal. Conventional methods for platinum recycling make use of enormous amounts of energy for its recovery, which makes them not very attractive for industry implementation. Furthermore, these processes generate very toxic liquid streams and gas wastes that must be further treated, which do not meet the green environmental point of view of platinum recycling. Consequently, new advanced technologies are arising aiming to reach very high platinum recovery rates while being environmentally friendly and making a huge reduction of energy use compared with the conventional methods. In this review, conventional platinum recovery methods are summarized showing their limitations. Furthermore, new and promising approaches for platinum recovery are reviewed to shed light on about new and greener ways for a platinum circular economy.

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Section: Other Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Recovery Techniques for a Circular Economy

et al. 2021

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“…This pressure may explain the incentive politics defended by international institutions for recovering these strategic metals from secondary resources such as low-grade minerals [ 2 ] and phosphate rocks [ 3 ], but also from waste industrial materials [ 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Hydrometallurgical processes are commonly used for recovering these metals from solid wastes and ores through acid leaching processes [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of a New Phosphonate-Based Sorbent and Characterization of Its Interactions with Lanthanum (III) and Terbium (III)

et al. 2021

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High-tech applications require increasing amounts of rare earth elements (REE). Their recovery from low-grade minerals and their recycling from secondary sources (as waste materials) are of critical importance. There is increasing attention paid to the development of new sorbents for REE recovery from dilute solutions. A new generation of composite sorbents based on brown algal biomass (alginate) and polyethylenimine (PEI) was recently developed (ALPEI hydrogel beads). The phosphorylation of the beads strongly improves the affinity of the sorbents for REEs (such as La and Tb): by 4.5 to 6.9 times compared with raw beads. The synthesis procedure (epicholorhydrin-activation, phosphorylation and de-esterification) is investigated by XPS and FTIR for characterizing the grafting route but also for interpreting the binding mechanism (contribution of N-bearing from PEI, O-bearing from alginate and P-bearing groups). Metal ions can be readily eluted using an acidic calcium chloride solution, which regenerates the sorbent: the FTIR spectra are hardly changed after five successive cycles of sorption and desorption. The materials are also characterized by elemental, textural and thermogravimetric analyses. The phosphorylation of ALPEI beads by this new method opens promising perspectives for the recovery of these strategic metals from mild acid solutions (i.e., pH ~ 4).

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“…Atia [36]. The spent catalyst of about 1 g was initially milled and mixed with the sulfate salt (7.5 g NaHSO4.H2O, 8.37 g KHSO4 or 0.5 g H2SO4 solution) and oxidation agent (2.5 g NaClO3, 5…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Noble Metals from Spent Catalysts: A Review

Padamata

Yasinskiy

Polyakov

et al. 2020

Metall Mater Trans B

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During several past decades, plenty of technologies for platinum group metals (PGM) and rhenium (Re) recovery from electronic wastes and spent catalysts have been developed and published. The reasons for the rising interest in this area are: □ The abundance of these elements in the earth's crust is less than 10 -3 ppm (~6.6 10 4 t all over the world); □ global demand for PGMs is over 590 t; □ electronics and catalysts industry consumes over 90% of precious metals (about 65% of Pd, 45% of Pt and 84% of Rh are consumed in catalytic converters); □ properties of PGMs and Re (resistance towards corrosion and oxidation, high melting temperatures, electrical conductivity, and catalytic activity) are of great commercial interest.Even though several comprehensive reviews on the recovery of precious metals from spent catalysts have been recently published, several developments were out of the attention of the scientific community. The reviews divide the technologies into hydro-and pyrometallurgical ones. However, the variety of different approaches requires a more detailed classification. This article is an overview of the recently reported works and the comparison of different technologies in terms of extraction efficiency, environmental friendliness, and capital and operational expenditures. The new electrochemical method, which is now under development, is also presented.

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Combined microwave assisted roasting and leaching to recover platinum group metals from spent automotive catalysts

Cited by 46 publications

References 15 publications

Platinum Recovery Techniques for a Circular Economy

Platinum Recovery Techniques for a Circular Economy

Synthesis of a New Phosphonate-Based Sorbent and Characterization of Its Interactions with Lanthanum (III) and Terbium (III)

Recovery of Noble Metals from Spent Catalysts: A Review

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