Combined Mucinous Cystadenoma and Carcinoid Tumour of the Appendix with Coexistent Features of an Endometrioma: A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Endometriosis is defined as 'the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity'. Appendiceal cancers are rare tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. There are some reported cases of these two disease processes occurring simultaneously within separate lesions. However, there are no reported cases of the two diseases occurring within the same entity. We report the unique case of an appendiceal cancer (combined mucinous cyst adenoma and carcinoid tumour) with coexistant histological features of an endometrioma. Case report: A 36 year old nulliparous woman was referred to clinic with primary infertility, with an unremarkable past medical history. After routine infertility investigations, diagnostic laparoscopy was carried out and endometriosis was diagnosed. A suspicious lesion was also seen on the appendix. A right hemicolectomy and appendectomy was performed. Histological results showed mucinous cystadenoma with well differentiated carcinoid tumour and coexistent features of an endometrioma. Discussion: An association between endometriosis and cancer has been well documented in literature. Existence with appendiceal cancers is rare. Carcinoids and cyst adenomas are both common types of appendiceal cancers, found incidentally or mimicking acute appendicitis. Occurrence in the same lesion is rare and unique to be found with features of an endometrioma. Conclusion: This case illustrates the broad spectrum of appendiceal and endometrial disease. We hope to highlight the interesting asymptomatic presentation of this patient and therefore the importance of requesting routine histopathological analysis after appendicectomy.

Pseudomyxoma peritonei with endometrial mucinous carcinoma and appendicular mucinous tumor: An unusual association

“…By contrast, the coexistence of PMP with appendicular tumor and endometrial pathology as endometrioma, or endometrial adenocarcinoma, was exceptional [ 18 19 ].…”