Combined photovoltaic and solar thermal systems for facade integration and building insulation

Flat-plate PV-Thermal collectors and systems: A review

“…More are indicated to follow [103,104]. In Brazil, Krauter did measurements on an unglazed PV facade with an integrated propylene cooling system, with the aim of both PV cooling and water heating [273][274][275].…”

Evaluation of phase change materials for thermal regulation enhancement of building integrated photovoltaics

“…Crystalline silicon PV operating above 25°C typically, shows a temperature-dependent power decrease with a coefficient of between 0.4%/K (Weakliem and Redfield, 1979;Krauter, 1994) and 0.65%/K (Raziemska, 2003). Overall integration of PV into buildings has been shown to further rise PV operating temperature to such an extent that there has been reported a 9.3% further decreased power output compared to nonintegrated PV (Krauter et al, 1999). This emphasizes a need for effective temperature regulation of building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV).…”

Assessment of the Operating Temperature of Crystalline PV Modules Based on Real Use Conditions

“…where ( ; ; ) = (37.09862; 3.13547; 2.57507); (14) represents the new implicit correlation able to calculate the operating temperature of any conventional flat Si-PV panel taking into account the regimen of electricity production thanks to presence of mpp,panel ( , ).…”

“…To test its reliability, (14) was applied on two different panels: a polycrystalline and a monocrystalline panel. The experimental data presented in Figures 10 and 11 were collected using the monitoring system described above; data acquisition lasted for about three months in the spring of 2010; each data vector was acquired with a ten-minute time step.…”

“…These two effects lead to a decrease for the maximum available power equal to 0.35% ∘ C −1 . More recently, this influence has been estimated between −0.3 and −0.5% ∘ C −1 [11][12][13][14]. It is obvious that these influences on sc and OC have some consequences on the electrical efficiency of the PV cell or module.…”