Combined remote sensing analyses and landform evolution modeling reveal the terrestrial Bosumtwi impact structure as a Mars-like rampart crater

Wulf, G.; Hergarten, Stefan; Kenkmann, T.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.11.009

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…So there seems to be no completely satisfying solution of the scaling problem so far. For large mesh widths δ and for rather qualitative studies (e.g., Wulf et al, 2019), it may not be crucial. However, even the comprehensive study on the scaling behavior of fluvial erosion in combination with hillslope diffusion by Theodoratos et al (2018) disregards the problem by claiming that it dissolves if the entire equation is transformed to nondimensional coordinates.…”

Section: The Scaling Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the following, numerically obtained equilibrium drainage networks are analyzed in order to find out how A e depends on A and on A c . These networks were obtained from the landform evolution model OpenLEM that was used in some previous studies (e.g., Robl et al, 2017;Wulf et al, 2019), but has not been published explicitly. Starting point of the analysis is a square L × L grid with L = 10000 where the northern and southern boundaries are held at zero elevation, while the western and eastern boundaries are periodic.…”

Section: A New Scaling Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rivers as linear elements in landform evolution models

Hergarten¹

2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Models of detachment-limited fluvial erosion have a long history in landform evolution modeling in mountain ranges. However, they suffer from a scaling problem when coupled to models of hillslope processes due to the flux of material from the hillslopes into the rivers. This scaling problem causes a strong dependence of the resulting topographies on the spatial resolution of the grid. A few attempts based on the river width have been made in order to avoid the scaling problem, but none of them appears to be completely satisfying. Here a new scaling approach is introduced that is based on the size of the hillslope areas in relation to the river network. An analysis of several simulated drainage networks yields a power-law scaling relation for the fluvial incision term involving the threshold catchment size where fluvial erosion starts and the mesh width. The obtained scaling relation is consistent with the concept of the steepness index and does not rely on any specific properties of the model for the hillslope processes.

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Section: The Scaling Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A New Scaling Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rivers as linear elements in landform evolution models

Hergarten¹

2020

Preprint

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“…Based on landform evolution modeling, Wulf et al. () showed that drainage network and local drainage divides behave very conservatively and are likely to trace original crater structures. Taken separately, the remote sensing results are relatively inconclusive but as a whole, it is evident that there is a significant circular anomaly with a diameter of 10–14 km.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ramgarh, Rajasthan, India: A 10 km diameter complex impact structure

Kenkmann

Wulf

Agarwal

2020

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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The Ramgarh structure is a morphological landmark in southeastern Rajasthan, India. Its 200 m high and 3.5-4 km wide annular collar has provoked many hypotheses regarding its origin, including impact. Here, we document planar deformation features, planar fractures, and feather features in quartz grains of the central part of the Ramgarh structure, which confirm its impact origin. The annular collar does not mark the crater rim but represents the outer part of a central uplift of an approximately 10 km diameter complex impact structure. The apparent crater rim is exposed as a low-angle normal fault and can be traced as lineaments in remote sensing imagery. The central uplift shows a stratigraphic uplift of~1000 m and is rectangular in shape. It is dissected by numerous faults that are co-genetic with the formation of the central uplift. The central uplift has a bilateral symmetry along an SW-NE axis, where a large strike-slip fault documents a strong horizontal shear component. This direction corresponds to the assumed impact trajectory from the SW toward the NE. The uprange sector is characterized by concentric reverse faults, whereas radial faults dominate downrange. Sandstones of the central uplift are infiltrated by Fe-oxides and suggest an impact-induced hydrothermal mineralization overprint. The impact may have occurred into a shallow water environment as indicated by soft-sediment deformation features, observed near the apparent crater rim, and the deposition of a diamictite layer above them. Gastropods embedded in the diamictite have Middle Jurassic age and may indicate the time of the impact. 936

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“…The origin of the apparently huge increase in worldwide erosion in the late Cenozoic Era is one of the major puzzles in the younger geologic history of our planet (Molnar and England, 1990;Zhang et al, 2001;Molnar, 2004;Willenbring and von Blanckenburg, 2010;Herman et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2014;Marshall et al, 2015;Willenbring and Jerolmack, 2015). As high temperatures facilitate weathering of rocks, the cooling climate during the Cenozoic Era should rather result in decreasing erosion rates, bringing Pleistocene glaciation as a major driver of erosion into discussion (Yanites and Ehlers, 2012;Brocklehurst, 2013;Egholm, 2013;Pedersen and Egholm, 2013;Koppes et al, 2015;Herman and Champagnac, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term erosion rates as a function of climate derived from the impact crater inventory

Hergarten

Kenkmann

2019

Earth Surf. Dynam.

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Abstract. Worldwide erosion rates seem to have increased strongly since the beginning of the Quaternary, but there is still discussion about the role of glaciation as a potential driver and even whether the increase is real at all or an artifact due to losses in the long-term sedimentary record. In this study we derive estimates of average erosion rates on the timescale of some tens of millions of years from the terrestrial impact crater inventory. This approach is completely independent from all other methods to infer erosion rates such as river loads, preserved sediments, cosmogenic nuclides, and thermochronometry. Our approach yields average erosion rates as a function of present-day topography and climate. The results confirm that topography accounts for the main part of the huge variation in erosion on Earth, but also identifies a significant systematic dependence on climate in contrast to several previous studies. We found a 5-fold increase in erosional efficacy from the cold regimes to the tropical zone and that temperate and arid climates are very similar in this context. Combining our results into a worldwide mean erosion rate, we found that erosion rates on the timescale of some tens of millions of years are at least as high as present-day rates and suggest that glaciation has a rather regional effect with a limited impact at the continental scale.

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Combined remote sensing analyses and landform evolution modeling reveal the terrestrial Bosumtwi impact structure as a Mars-like rampart crater

Cited by 18 publications

References 36 publications

Rivers as linear elements in landform evolution models

Rivers as linear elements in landform evolution models

Ramgarh, Rajasthan, India: A 10 km diameter complex impact structure

Long-term erosion rates as a function of climate derived from the impact crater inventory

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