Combined Spray Model for Gasoline Direct Injection Hollow-Cone Sprays

Pischke, Philipp; Martin, Diana; Kneer, Reinhold

doi:10.1615/atomizspr.v20.i4.60

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…The similar idea was tested in our previous study [18] to optimize spray models for GCI engines based on penetration length, but the sheet thickness was measured perpendicular to axial direction and assumed constant unlike this study. Previous experimental researches [11,12] show string-like film structures from the nozzle exit clearly, and this supports our approach, where the strings are formed from imaginary circular liquid film. In the results section, the local SMD values are bigger than maximum annual gab size, and this indicates that our approach on initial SMD can be a more reasonable choice than typical annular gap size.…”

Section: Spray Liquid Sheet Thickness and Initial Smdsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Das [10] simulated outwardly-opening hollow-cone spray using the TAB model by specifying the gap height as the initial thickness of the liquid blob, but the liquid penetration measurement showed large deviations from experiment except initial injection period. Pischke et al [11] proposed a combined LISA-KH-TAB model by adding KH breakup as a secondary breakup for high Weber number conditions because TAB model produces unreasonably fine droplets at that condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most previous studies on hollow-cone spray used the original O'Rourke model. Pischke et al [11] implemented Munnannur's outcome model without any consideration of satellite droplets in the modeling of hollow-cone spray, but the difference of spray characteristics between models was not reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spray Modeling for Outwardly-Opening Hollow-Cone Injector

Sim

Badra

Elwardany

et al. 2016

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Section: Spray Liquid Sheet Thickness and Initial Smdsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spray Modeling for Outwardly-Opening Hollow-Cone Injector

Sim

Badra

Elwardany

et al. 2016

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“…Six different SOI of -50, -40, -30, -18, -14 and -11 CAD aTDC are simulated and compared with experiments. The injector used here has opening and closing ramps that have been estimated by Pischke et al [51] to be 0.05 ms and 0.07 ms, respectively. The injector also has a 0.1 ms delay as observed experimentally [51].…”

Section: Gci Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The injector used here has opening and closing ramps that have been estimated by Pischke et al [51] to be 0.05 ms and 0.07 ms, respectively. The injector also has a 0.1 ms delay as observed experimentally [51]. The estimated mass flow rate is assumed to be of trapezoid shape starting at 0.1 ms after the SOI as previously implemented by Badra et al [26].…”

Section: Gci Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of In-Cylinder Mixing on Low Octane Gasoline Compression Ignition Combustion

Badra

Elwardany

Sim

et al. 2016

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) engines have been considered an attractive alternative to traditional spark ignition engines. Low octane gasoline fuel has been identified as a viable option for the GCI engine applications due to its longer ignition delay characteristics compared to diesel and in the volatility range of gasoline fuels. In this study, we have investigated the effect of different injection timings at part-load conditions using light naphtha stream in single cylinder engine experiments in the GCI combustion mode with injection pressure of 130 bar. A toluene primary reference fuel (TPRF) was used as a surrogate for the light naphtha in the engine simulations performed here. A physical surrogate based on the evaporation characteristics of the light naphtha has been developed and its properties have been implemented in the engine simulations. Full cycle GCI computational fluid dynamics (CFD) engine simulations have been successfully performed while changing the start of injection (SOI) timing from -50° to -11 ° CAD aTDC. The effect of SOI on mixing and combustion phasing was investigated using detailed equivalence ratio-temperature maps and ignition delay times. Both experimental and computational results consistently showed that an SOI of -30° CAD aTDC has the most advanced combustion phasing (CA50), with the highest NOx emission. The effects of the SOI on the fuel containment in the bowl of the piston, the ignition delay time, combustion rate and emissions have been carefully examined through the CFD calculations. It was found that the competition between the equivalence ratio and temperature is the controlling parameter in determining the combustion phasings.

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Spray Breakup Modelling for Internal Combustion Engines

Sonawane

Ágarwal

2021

Energy, Environment, and Sustainability

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Rising concerns about emissions have led to a significant tightening of pollution norms for internal combustion (IC) engines. High-pressure direct injection (HPDI) technologies have been adopted for most on-road and off-road engines to meet the global demand for clean and efficient powertrains. Higher fuel efficiency, superior combustion, and lower pollutant formation are the characteristic features of the HPDI. The introduction of alternative fuels, modified combustion geometry, and novel combustion concepts demand continuous improvement in fuel injection equipment (FIE). The complicated physics of HPDI and its modelling is an active area of research among researchers and engine developers. Fuel-injected in the combustion chamber breaks up into a spray of fine droplets, evaporating, mixing with ambient air, and forming a fuel-air mixture, greatly affecting the engine combustion and emission characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to study the fuel breakup phenomenon under different engine conditions comprehensively. Detailed understanding of the spray breakup phenomenon is unavailable due to difficulties in optical access, highly dense sprays, complex processes, etc. However, recent advances in measurement technologies and computational tools have made it feasible for researchers. This chapter attempts to capture widely used spray breakup models and research studies involving IC engines. Fundamental spray breakup and atomization have been discussed at the beginning of the chapter. Subsequently, the basis and fundamentals of popular spray models have been discussed. Finally, the authors have comprehensively discussed the key contributions in sprays to provide an overall idea about the spray models and their application for IC engine studies. Various spray breakup models such as Blob Model, Linear Instability Sheet Atomization (LISA) Model, Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) Model, Kelvin-Helmholtz-Aerodynamics Cavitation Turbulence (KH-ACT) Model, RT (Rayleigh-Taylor) Model, Hybrid/Modified Kelvin-Helmholtz Rayleigh-Taylor (KH-RT) Model, Taylor Analogy Breakup (TAB) Model, Enhanced TAB breakup model (ETAB) are discussed briefly in this chapter. Towards the end, a summary of the contents of the chapter is provided, which covers highlights and significant observations.

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Combined Spray Model for Gasoline Direct Injection Hollow-Cone Sprays

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Spray Modeling for Outwardly-Opening Hollow-Cone Injector

Spray Modeling for Outwardly-Opening Hollow-Cone Injector

Effects of In-Cylinder Mixing on Low Octane Gasoline Compression Ignition Combustion

Spray Breakup Modelling for Internal Combustion Engines

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