Combined treatment with subchronic lithium and acute intracerebral mirtazapine microinjection into the median raphe nucleus exerted an anxiolytic-like effect synergistically

An, Yan; Inoue, Takeshi; Kitaichi, Yuji; Chen, Chong; Nakagawa, Shin; Wang, Ce; Kusumi, Ichiro

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.05.004

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Several research studies have suggested that mirtazapine decreases anxiety-like behavior in the EPM and depression-like behaviors in the FST in animals treated with saline (An et al, 2013, 2015, 2016a, 2016b; Kaminska and Rogoz, 2016; Rogóż, 2010, 2012; Rogóż et al, 2012). We found similar results: in animals dosed with 30 mg mirtazapine, anxiety-like (as measured in the EPM test, OFT and the LDT) and depression-like behaviors (according to the FST) decreased after 15 days of treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mirtazapine attenuates anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rats during cocaine withdrawal

Méndez

Salazar-Juárez

2019

J Psychopharmacol

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Background: Anxiety and depression, key symptoms of the cocaine withdrawal syndrome in human addicts, are considered the main factors that precipitate relapse in chronic cocaine addiction. Preclinical studies have found that rodents exposed to different withdrawal periods show an increase in anxiety and depressive-like behavior. Mirtazapine – a tetracyclic medication – is used primarily to treat depression and, sometimes, anxiety. It has also successfully improved withdrawal symptoms in drug-dependent patients. Aim: This study sought to determine whether chronic dosing of mirtazapine during cocaine withdrawal reduced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors that characterize cocaine withdrawal in animals. Methods: Cocaine pre-treated Wistar rats were subjected to a 60-day cocaine withdrawal period during which depression- and anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated in open field tests (OFT), the elevated plus-maze (EPM), the light–dark box test (LDT), the forced swimming test (FST) and spontaneous locomotor activity (SLA). Results: We found that chronic dosing with different doses of mirtazapine (30 and 60 mg/kg) decreased depression- and anxiety-like behaviors induced by different doses of cocaine (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg) during the 60-day cocaine withdrawal. Interpretation: Our results suggest that the pharmacological effect of mirtazapine on its target sites of action (α2-adrenergic and 5-HT2A and 5-HT3 receptors) within the brain may improve depression- and anxiety-like behaviors for long periods. Conclusion: Therefore, the findings support the use of mirtazapine as a potentially effective therapy to reduce anxiety and depressive-like behavior during cocaine withdrawal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mirtazapine attenuates anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rats during cocaine withdrawal

Méndez

Salazar-Juárez

2019

J Psychopharmacol

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“…The DR and MnR contain the major serotonergic (5-HT) populations (Pollak Dorocic et al, 2014). Both of the nuclei and 5-HT are involved in anxiety and depression, and they are crucial and central drug targets (Lanzenberger et al, 2012;An et al, 2013An et al, , 2016Lopez Hill et al, 2013;Campos et al, 2018;de Souza et al, 2018;Donner et al, 2018). The LC is the major noradrenergic system with regard to stress and major depressive disorder (Chandley and Ordway, 2012;Fan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Emotionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connection Input Mapping and 3D Reconstruction of the Brainstem and Spinal Cord Projections to the CSF-Contacting Nucleus

Song

Zhai

et al. 2020

Front. Neural Circuits

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Objective: To investigate whether the CSF-contacting nucleus receives brainstem and spinal cord projections and to understand the functional significance of these connections. Methods: The retrograde tracer cholera toxin B subunit (CB) was injected into the CSF-contacting nucleus in Sprague-Dawley rats according the previously reported stereotaxic coordinates. After 7-10 days, these rats were perfused and their brainstem and spinal cord were sliced (thickness, 40 µm) using a freezing microtome. All the sections were subjected to CB immunofluorescence staining. The distribution of CBpositive neuron in different brainstem and spinal cord areas was observed under fluorescence microscope. Results: The retrograde labeled CB-positive neurons were found in the midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata, and spinal cord. Four functional areas including one hundred and twelve sub-regions have projections to the CSF-contacting nucleus. However, the density of CB-positive neuron distribution ranged from sparse to dense. Conclusion: Based on the connectivity patterns of the CSF-contacting nucleus receives anatomical inputs from the brainstem and spinal cord, we preliminarily conclude and summarize that the CSF-contacting nucleus participates in pain, visceral activity, sleep and arousal, emotion, and drug addiction. The present study firstly illustrates the broad projections of the CSF-contacting nucleus from the brainstem and spinal cord, which implies the complicated functions of the nucleus especially for the unique roles of coordination in neural and body fluids regulation.

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“…Additionally, many studies have focused on the process of fear extinction following contextual or cued fear conditioning in the rodents as a predominant symptom of PTSD [105,120]. Most of the drugs with the reported clinical efficacy have demonstrated anti-PTSD characteristics in the rodent models (Table 1) [95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103,104,106,107,108,109], suggesting that the efficacy of drugs was initially evaluated using the above animal models. However, whether the chronic stress-induced models reflect PTSD pathology is still questionable, due to the lack of reproducibility in different studies.…”

Section: Animal Models Of Ptsdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Therapeutic Strategy and Neuronal Mechanism Underlying Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Yabuki

Fukunaga

2019

IJMS

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by an exaggerated response to contextual memory and impaired fear extinction, with or without mild cognitive impairment, learning deficits, and nightmares. PTSD is often developed by traumatic events, such as war, terrorist attack, natural calamities, etc. Clinical and animal studies suggest that aberrant susceptibility of emotion- and fear-related neurocircuits, including the amygdala, prefrontal cortex (PFC), and hippocampus may contribute to the development and retention of PTSD symptoms. Psychological and pharmacological therapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and treatment with anti-depressive agents and/or antipsychotics significantly attenuate PTSD symptoms. However, more effective therapeutics are required for improvement of quality of life in PTSD patients. Previous studies have reported that ω3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) supplements can suppress the development of PTSD symptoms. Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are essential for LCPUFA intracellular trafficking. In this review, we have introduced Fabp3 null mice as an animal model of PTSD with impaired fear extinction. Moreover, we have addressed the neuronal circuits and novel therapeutic strategies for PTSD symptoms.

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Combined treatment with subchronic lithium and acute intracerebral mirtazapine microinjection into the median raphe nucleus exerted an anxiolytic-like effect synergistically

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Mirtazapine attenuates anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rats during cocaine withdrawal

Mirtazapine attenuates anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in rats during cocaine withdrawal

Connection Input Mapping and 3D Reconstruction of the Brainstem and Spinal Cord Projections to the CSF-Contacting Nucleus

Clinical Therapeutic Strategy and Neuronal Mechanism Underlying Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

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