Combined Use of 3D Metric Survey and GPR for the Diagnosis of the Trapezophoros with Two Griffins Attacking a Doe of Ascoli Satriano (Foggia, Italy)

Abstract

Protection and conservation are not feasible without a deeper knowledge of the cultural heritage of the subject of intervention. A careful analysis of documentation, a detailed visual inspection of surfaces, and a systematic diagnosis of the inner properties are the basis for planning preventive strategies of restoration. Digital noninvasive techniques represent an advantageous tool with useful outputs to estimate the state of health of cultural heritage in order to minimize the progress of degradation. This paper deals with a 3D metric survey through photogrammetry and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) tests applied to the study of the trapezophoros with two griffins attacking a doe of Ascoli Satriano, a masterpiece of ancient art that needs to be protected. This work provided information on both visible and hidden defects, such as numerous cracks that affect the sculpture.

Imaging Cultural Heritage at Different Scales: Part I, the Micro-Scale (Manufacts)

“…results proved that around 40% of the volume of the sculpture base presented a state of conservation that was particularly worrying, since the overall measured average velocity was lower than 1500 m/s due to damage and fractures (Figure 18). Cozzolino et al [118] showed the results of a joint survey (photogrammetry and GPR) for the study and documentation of a stone trapezophoros with two griffins attacking a doe. The combined use of a 3D geometric survey and GPR analysis allowed assessment of Cozzolino et al [118] showed the results of a joint survey (photogrammetry and GPR) for the study and documentation of a stone trapezophoros with two griffins attacking a doe.…”

“…Cozzolino et al [118] showed the results of a joint survey (photogrammetry and GPR) for the study and documentation of a stone trapezophoros with two griffins attacking a doe. The combined use of a 3D geometric survey and GPR analysis allowed assessment of Cozzolino et al [118] showed the results of a joint survey (photogrammetry and GPR) for the study and documentation of a stone trapezophoros with two griffins attacking a doe. The combined use of a 3D geometric survey and GPR analysis allowed assessment of the conservation condition of the trapezophoros.…”

“…The creation of a high-resolution 3D model and the extraction of detailed orthophotos of the external surfaces through a photogrammetry digital survey were useful for documenting each sign of decay, even those that were not perceivable by the naked eye, and GPR radargrams showed their inner extents, allowing three new probable fractures to be identified (Figure 19). Cozzolino et al [118] showed the results of a joint survey (photogrammetry and GPR) for the study and documentation of a stone trapezophoros with two griffins attacking a doe. The combined use of a 3D geometric survey and GPR analysis allowed assessment of the conservation condition of the trapezophoros.…”

“…Figure19. Indication of the areas more vulnerable to cracking phenomena, recognized by means of integrated photogrammetry and GPR surveys: front side, back side and top side[118].…”