Combined use of etanercept and MTX restores CD4+/CD8+ ratio and Tregs in spleen and thymus in collagen-induced arthritis

Huang, Bei; Wang, Qingtong; Song, Shasha; Wu, Yu; K., Y.; Zhang, L. L.; Chen, J. Y.; Wu, Huaxun; Jiang, Liang; Wei, Wen-mei

doi:10.1007/s00011-012-0520-0

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The body's immune balance depends on mutual coordination and control of lymphocyte subsets, especially for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, which engage in a T-cell network by maintaining their own stability to adjust the immune response [34, 35]. In animal experiments, CD8+ T cells are able to regulate IgE responses, although IgE response is affected by the timing of CD8+ cell depletion, suggesting that a complex mechanism exists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeInfection in Children Is a Risk Factor for Developing Allergic Diseases

Shao

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection is the dominant cause of pneumonia in children. We sought to determine the relationship between MP infection and secondary allergic disease and to clarify the associated mechanisms of inflammatory response. A prospective study was performed among 1330 patients diagnosed with pneumonia to investigate the patient immune status by determining the correlation between MP infection, immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, and a spectrum of associated serum cytokines. Serum IgE, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 levels for MPP patients in the acute phase were obviously higher than those in the recovery phase (P < 0.01). MPP patients with allergic conditions had increased serum IgE levels and increased IL-4/INF-γ ratio, and IgE and Eosinophil Cationic Protein were further elevated in patients who eventually developed secondary asthma changes. Patients with severe pneumonia and high clinical pulmonary infection scores presented higher levels of IL-4 and IL-5 in serum than those with low scores (P < 0.01). The proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells that secreted IL-4 was significantly increased in MPP patients with elevated IgE. Our data demonstrate a significant correlation between MP infection and IgE levels, which is associated with a Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeInfection in Children Is a Risk Factor for Developing Allergic Diseases

Shao

et al. 2014

The Scientific World Journal

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“…Mitoxantrone is a type-II topoisomerase inhibitor, which disrupts DNA synthesis and DNA repair of cancer cells, however, normal cells are also affected. It is a potent immune suppressant, suppressing T cells, B cells and macrophages and reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2) [138,139]. In patients with SPMS, intravenous injection of 12 mg/m 2 mitoxantrone every 3 months up to 2 years resulted in reduced disability progression by 84% [140,141].…”

Section: Mitoxantrone (Novantrone ® Immunex/amgen Thousand Oaks Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Sclerosis: Immunopathology and Treatment Update

et al. 2017

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The treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) has changed over the last 20 years. All immunotherapeutic drugs target relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) and it still remains a medical challenge in MS to develop a treatment for progressive forms. The most common injectable disease-modifying therapies in RRMS include β-interferons 1a or 1b and glatiramer acetate. However, one of the major challenges of injectable disease-modifying therapies has been poor treatment adherence with approximately 50% of patients discontinuing the therapy within the first year. Herein, we go back to the basics to understand the immunopathophysiology of MS to gain insights in the development of new improved drug treatments. We present current disease-modifying therapies (interferons, glatiramer acetate, dimethyl fumarate, teriflunomide, fingolimod, mitoxantrone), humanized monoclonal antibodies (natalizumab, ofatumumab, ocrelizumab, alemtuzumab, daclizumab) and emerging immune modulating approaches (stem cells, DNA vaccines, nanoparticles, altered peptide ligands) for the treatment of MS.

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“…Inflammation of the four paws was graded from 0 to 4: 0, paws with no swelling and focal redness; 1, paws with swelling of the finger joints; grade 2, paws with mild swelling of the ankle or wrist joints; 3, paws with severe inflammation of the entire paw; 4, paws with deformity or ankylosis. Each paw was graded, and the four scores were summed so that the maximum possible score per mouse was 16 [28] . The arthritis grade was scored by two independent observers.…”

Section: Arthritis Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginsenoside compound K suppresses the abnormal activation of T lymphocytes in mice with collagen-induced arthritis

et al. 2014

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Combined use of etanercept and MTX restores CD4+/CD8+ ratio and Tregs in spleen and thymus in collagen-induced arthritis

Abstract: Taken together, our findings suggest that ENT/MTX may modify the abnormal T lymphocytes balance from central to peripheral lymphoid organs, which may partially, explained the mechanism of the combined administration.

Cited by 36 publications

References 30 publications

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeInfection in Children Is a Risk Factor for Developing Allergic Diseases

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeInfection in Children Is a Risk Factor for Developing Allergic Diseases

Multiple Sclerosis: Immunopathology and Treatment Update

Ginsenoside compound K suppresses the abnormal activation of T lymphocytes in mice with collagen-induced arthritis

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