Combining 3D-Printing and Electrospinning to Manufacture Biomimetic Heart Valve Leaflets

Freystetter, Benedikt; Grab, Maximilian; Grefen, Linda; Bischof, Lara; Isert, Lorenz; Mela, Petra; Bezuidenhout, Deon; Hagl, Christian; Thierfelder, Nikolaus

doi:10.3791/63604

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Clinical use of decellularized tissues is already widespread, but their biological variability makes them challenging to process. With electrospinning (ESP) technology, it may be possible to process synthetic and biogenic scaffolds ( 24 ). ESP has been a standard technique for creating scaffolds in tissue engineering, permitting the combination of different materials and the modification of fiber diameters, fiber orientations, and porosities ( 25 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenic polymer-based patches for congenital cardiac surgery: a feasibility study

Richert,

Nienhaus,

Ekroll Jahren

et al. 2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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ObjectiveCurrently used patch materials in congenital cardiac surgery do not grow, renew, or remodel. Patch calcification occurs more rapidly in pediatric patients eventually leading to reoperations. Bacterial cellulose (BC) as a biogenic polymer offers high tensile strength, biocompatibility, and hemocompatibility. Thus, we further investigated the biomechanical properties of BC for use as patch material.MethodsThe BC-producing bacteria Acetobacter xylinum were cultured in different environments to investigate optimal culturing conditions. For mechanical characterization, an established method of inflation for biaxial testing was used. The applied static pressure and deflection height of the BC patch were measured. Furthermore, a displacement and strain distribution analysis was performed and compared to a standard xenograft pericardial patch.ResultsThe examination of the culturing conditions revealed that the BC became homogenous and stable when cultivated at 29°C, 60% oxygen concentration, and culturing medium exchange every third day for a total culturing period of 12 days. The estimated elastic modulus of the BC patches ranged from 200 to 530 MPa compared to 230 MPa for the pericardial patch. The strain distributions, calculated from preloaded (2 mmHg) to 80 mmHg inflation, show BC patch strains ranging between 0.6% and 4%, which was comparable to the pericardial patch. However, the pressure at rupture and peak deflection height varied greatly, ranging from 67 to around 200 mmHg and 0.96 to 5.28 mm, respectively. The same patch thickness does not automatically result in the same material properties indicating that the manufacturing conditions have a significant impact on durabilityConclusionsBC patches can achieve comparable results to pericardial patches in terms of strain behavior as well as in the maximum applied pressure that can be withstood without rupture. Bacterial cellulose patches could be a promising material worth further research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogenic polymer-based patches for congenital cardiac surgery: a feasibility study

Richert,

Nienhaus,

Ekroll Jahren

et al. 2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Similarly, human heart valve leaflet engineering has also benefited from combination techniques. In a study by Freystetter et al [ 369 ], models of aortic valve cusps were designed using CAD. Conductive PLA was then used to 3D-print the models.…”

Section: Combined Scaffold Fabrication Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conductive PLA was then used to 3D-print the models. To mimic human heart values, three layers of polyurethane were spun onto the models [ 369 ].…”

Section: Combined Scaffold Fabrication Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Concepts and Methods in Tissue Interface Scaffold Fabrication

2022

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Damage caused by disease or trauma often leads to multi-tissue damage which is both painful and expensive for the patient. Despite the common occurrence of such injuries, reconstruction can be incredibly challenging and often may focus on a single tissue, which has been damaged to a greater extent, rather than the environment as a whole. Tissue engineering offers an approach to encourage repair, replacement, and regeneration using scaffolds, biomaterials and bioactive factors. However, there are many advantages to creating a combined scaffold fabrication method approach that incorporates the treatment and regeneration of multiple tissue types simultaneously. This review provides a guide to combining multiple tissue-engineered scaffold fabrication methods to span several tissue types concurrently. Briefly, a background in the healing and composition of typical tissues targeted in scaffold fabrication is provided. Then, common tissue-engineered scaffold fabrication methods are highlighted, specifically focusing on porosity, mechanical integrity, and practicality for clinical application. Finally, an overview of commonly used scaffold biomaterials and additives is provided, and current research in combining multiple scaffold fabrication techniques is discussed. Overall, this review will serve to bridge the critical gap in knowledge pertaining to combining different fabrication methods for tissue regeneration without disrupting structural integrity and biomaterial properties.

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Combining 3D-Printing and Electrospinning to Manufacture Biomimetic Heart Valve Leaflets

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Biogenic polymer-based patches for congenital cardiac surgery: a feasibility study

Biogenic polymer-based patches for congenital cardiac surgery: a feasibility study

Current Concepts and Methods in Tissue Interface Scaffold Fabrication

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