Combining high resolution spring monitoring, dye tracing, watershed analysis, and outcrop and borehole observations to characterize the Galena Karst, Southeast Minnesota, USA

Barry, John D; Miller, Tom P; Steenberg, Julia R.; Runkel, Anthony C.; Kuehner, Kevin; Alexander, E. Calvin

doi:10.5038/9781733375313.1012

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Water, and accompanying neonicotinoids can therefore quickly exchange with the shallow system. A hydrogeologic survey of the region conducted by Barry et al (2020) showed many highly fractured aquifer materials with groundwater flow rates of 1.6 to 4.8 km/d. The well with the highest total neonicotinoid concentration (817784; Figure 3) was located in this shallow subsurface (depth to bedrock 2.1 m; Supplemental Data, Table S4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Median neonicotinoid concentrations in groundwater (Figure 5 and Table 3) were less than the other hydrologic compartments (Figures 2–4 and 6 and Table 3). Hydrogeologic variables, such as groundwater recharge rates, water flow paths, and groundwater age, especially in southeastern Minnesota (Barry et al 2020), influence the movement and occurrence of neonicotinoids. For example, despite the abundance of agriculture in Dodge and Olmstead Counties, much of the shallow subsurface in the region contains highly degraded karst features, including sinkholes, and allows rapid infiltration to groundwater (Steenberg 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neonicotinoid Insecticides in Surface Water, Groundwater, and Wastewater Across Land‐Use Gradients and Potential Effects

Berens

Capel

Arnold

2021

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Neonicotinoid insecticides cause adverse effects on nontarget organisms, but more information about their occurrence in surface and groundwater is needed across a range of land uses. Sixty‐five sites in Minnesota, USA, representing rivers, streams, lakes, groundwater, and treated wastewater, were monitored via collection of 157 water samples to determine variability in spatiotemporal neonicotinoid concentrations. The data were used to assess relations to land use, hydrogeologic condition, and potential effects on aquatic life. Total neonicotinoid concentrations were highest in agricultural watersheds (median = 12 ng/L), followed by urban (2.9 ng/L) and undeveloped watersheds (1.9 ng/L). Clothianidin was most frequently detected in agricultural areas (detection frequency = 100%) and imidacloprid most often in urban waters (detection frequency = 97%). The seasonal trend of neonicotinoid concentrations in rivers, streams, and lakes showed that their highest concentrations coincided with spring planting and elevated streamflow. Consistently low neonicotinoid concentrations were found in shallow groundwater in agricultural regions (<1.2–16 ng/L, median = 1.4 ng/L). Treated municipal wastewater had the highest concentrations across all hydrologic compartments (12–48 ng/L, median = 19 ng/L), but neonicotinoid loads from rivers and streams (median = 4100 mg/d) were greater than in treated wastewater (700 mg/d). No samples exceeded acute aquatic‐life benchmarks for individual neonicotinoids, whereas 10% of samples exceeded a chronic benchmark for neonicotinoid mixtures. Although 62% of samples contained 2 or more neonicotinoids, the observed concentrations suggest there were low acute and potential chronic risks to aquatic life. This the first study of its size in Minnesota and is critical to better understanding the drivers of wide‐scale environmental contamination by neonicotinoids where urban, agricultural, and undeveloped lands are present. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1017–1033. © 2020 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonicotinoid Insecticides in Surface Water, Groundwater, and Wastewater Across Land‐Use Gradients and Potential Effects

Berens

Capel

Arnold

2021

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…We conducted artificial recharge experiments near Bear Spring, which emanates from the Ordovician Prosser Limestone of the Galena Group (Mossler, 2008) and is located west of Eyota, Minnesota, USA (4,869,610N, 557,713E, UTM Zone 15; Figure 1). The current estimated springshed size of Bear Spring is 4.4 km 2 based on hydrograph analysis (Barry et al., 2020) and ongoing dye tracing work is further refining the springshed extent. Baseflow discharge is generally 0.017–0.034 m 3 /s, although high flow events may approach ∼1 m 3 /s (Barry et al., 2020).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current estimated springshed size of Bear Spring is 4.4 km 2 based on hydrograph analysis (Barry et al., 2020) and ongoing dye tracing work is further refining the springshed extent. Baseflow discharge is generally 0.017–0.034 m 3 /s, although high flow events may approach ∼1 m 3 /s (Barry et al., 2020). The average annual precipitation (1991–2020) for the area of 89 cm (Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, 2021).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Capturing Seismic Signals From Karst Aquifer Injection Experiments and a Natural Recharge Event

et al. 2023

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The expanding field of environmental seismology has provided novel opportunities to study a variety of Earth surface processes that are complementary to traditional monitoring methods while enabling entirely new observations that were not previously possible (e.g., Burtin et al., 2016; Cook & Dietz, 2022 for reviews). There are a wide range of environmental use cases, but we focus here on those applied to aquifer properties and water flow. Recent seismic data analysis has been used to detect changes in water table, groundwater storage (e.g.,

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Minnesota Caves and Karst

AlexanderJr.

Brick

2020

Cave and Karst Systems of the World

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Combining high resolution spring monitoring, dye tracing, watershed analysis, and outcrop and borehole observations to characterize the Galena Karst, Southeast Minnesota, USA

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Neonicotinoid Insecticides in Surface Water, Groundwater, and Wastewater Across Land‐Use Gradients and Potential Effects

Neonicotinoid Insecticides in Surface Water, Groundwater, and Wastewater Across Land‐Use Gradients and Potential Effects

Capturing Seismic Signals From Karst Aquifer Injection Experiments and a Natural Recharge Event

Minnesota Caves and Karst

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