Combining higher-load and lower-load resistance training exercises: A systematic review and meta-analysis of findings from complex training studies

Bauer, Pascal; Uebellacker, Florian; Mitter, Benedikt; Aigner, Alexander J.; Hasenoehrl, Timothy; Ristl, Robin; Tschan, Harald; Seitz, Laurent B.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2019.01.006

Cited by 57 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Moreover, due to the continuous changing context during a match, young players need to become more effective in applying force within a brief amount of time in several activities involving a stretch-shortening cycle (acceleration, deceleration, change of direction, and jump tasks) in a multidirectional manner [4,7,25,26]. This scenario requires trainers to identify effective training programs for enhancing strength and power transferable to youth sport-specific performance [8], such as compound training. Moreover, the peculiarity of compound training (combining strength and plyometric training separately) might limit the increase of training volume in a short time that, without an adequate recovery, could decrease the players' performance [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compound training is an alternative to well-established methods (e.g., complex training) [4,8], in which strength and plyometric exercises are performed on separate days [8][9][10][11]. As an example, the program can be structured with players training strength on the first day by executing exercises at relatively low contraction speed (e.g., loaded squat exercise), and training plyometrics after two days by performing exercises at relatively high contraction speed (e.g., unloaded drop jump or squat jump).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Combining strength and plyometric exercises seems to take the advantage of training different movement speeds and contraction times, which, in turn, lead to an enhancement of the players' stretch-shortening cycle ability [5,8]. Therefore, key sport-specific movements (e.g., change of direction and jumps) utilising the stretch-shortening cycle would benefit from compound training.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short-Term Compound Training on Physical Performance in Young Soccer Players

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Formenti

et al. 2020

Sports

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of a five-week compound training (with strength and plyometric exercises performed on separate days) on sprint, change of direction, and vertical jump in young soccer players. Eighteen novices in strength and plyometric training were assigned to either a compound training (CMPT) or a control condition (CNT). Both groups trained three times per week. One session was dedicated to soccer-specific drills. The other two weekly sessions were dedicated to circuit-based training routines employing on one-day strength exercises and on the other day plyometric exercises in the CMPT group. At the same time, the CNT group performed two weekly soccer-specific training sessions. All players were tested by 15-m sprint, change-of-direction and acceleration test (CODAT), squat jump, and countermovement jump with arms swing tests. CMPT group improved CODAT, squat jump and countermovement jump to a higher extent compared to CNT group (large vs small or trivial effects, p < 0.05), while both groups had similar 15-m sprint performance (p > 0.05). These results support the use of compound training to improve change of direction and vertical jump performances in young novice soccer players, which are unfamiliar with structured and advanced strength and plyometric training.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short-Term Compound Training on Physical Performance in Young Soccer Players

Trecroci

Duca

Formenti

et al. 2020

Sports

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“…Recently, the combination of both high-and low-load RT within a single training session has gained popularity due to its time efficiency, often referred to as complex training (CT) [82]. A systematic review found CT to be significantly more effective at improving 20 m sprint times and 1RM strength as compared to other RT methods, but acknowledged that single study outliers may have influenced this [83]. Although no significant differences were reported concerning changes in jump, 5 m, 10 m, 30 m and 40 m sprint performance between CT and other methods, the improvements were associated with lower training volumes.…”

Section: Combined Methods Resistance Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-Weight Resistance Training in Youth Athletes: A Narrative Review

et al. 2020

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Generating high levels of muscular strength and power are important for success in sport and may have long-term implications for sporting careers in youth athletes. Importantly, maturation may confound the neuromuscular adaptations to resistance training when attempting to differentiate between training-vs. growth-induced strength and power gains; thus, potentially leading to erroneous conclusions regarding the efficacy of resistance training in youth athletes. The aim of this review was to critically appraise the literature concerning the efficacy of externally loaded free-weight resistance training on strength and power measures in youth athletes at different stages of maturity. Strength underpins power production; thus, developing strength through traditional resistance training methods can positively influence powerful sporting movements. In addition, weightlifting has the capacity to improve muscular power via explosive lower-body triple extension, which is essential for many sports. Despite the complexity of the techniques involved, it can be a safe and effective method to improve athletic qualities in young athletes, potentially more so than plyometric training. While low-load, high-velocity training can have a positive effect influence on high speed movements such as sprinting, the reduced intensity appears to be disadvantageous post peak-height velocity. Irrespective of age, well-coached progressive strength training adhering strictly to correct technique can then be periodised within a long-term athletic development program. It is important to primarily develop muscular strength, while concurrently refining the technical skill required for weightlifting. Physically mature athletes should undertake highintensity resistance training to maximise neuromuscular adaptations, leading to positive changes in strength and power.

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“…The risk of sports injuries is something that is very likely to happen to every athlete in doing exercises or competing (Vergeer, 2006). Doing the exercises to develop muscles in detail in exercising, too much training load can result in injury (Stares et al, 2018) (Bauer et al, 2019). Injury is a condition that results in damage to the tissue both in the bones, muscles, soft tissues, nerves and skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Multimedia Based Sport Injury Pencak Silat Management Model

2019

IJRTE

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Pencak silat is one of the sports that become the mainstay of the Indonesian nation in every national and international tournament. In its practice, however, foot accidents often occur. The purpose of this study was to obtain empirical data on product effectiveness as a result of developing multimedia-based martial arts injury models to increase the knowledge of trainers and athletes in handling injuries. The research method used is quantitative. As the results, each coach and athlete can understand the handling of injuries that occur so that athletes who experience injuries do not experience mismanagement which can result in recurring injuries or decreased the performance of athletes. It can be concluded that athletes or coaches can collaborate with physiotherapists in determining the exercises that are appropriate to the strand and type of injury.

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Combining higher-load and lower-load resistance training exercises: A systematic review and meta-analysis of findings from complex training studies

Cited by 57 publications

References 34 publications

Short-Term Compound Training on Physical Performance in Young Soccer Players

Short-Term Compound Training on Physical Performance in Young Soccer Players

Free-Weight Resistance Training in Youth Athletes: A Narrative Review

Development of Multimedia Based Sport Injury Pencak Silat Management Model

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