Combining Re-Analyzed Climate Data and Landcover Products to Assess the Temporal Complementarity of Wind and Solar Resources in Iraq

Sachit, Mourtadha Sarhan; Shafri, Helmi Zulhaidi Mohd; Abdullah, Ahmad Fikri; Rafie, Azmin Shakrine Mohd

doi:10.3390/su14010388

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…Technical criteria directly affect the efficiency and performance of wind-solar farms. The most important technical criteria are the natural resource factors for wind and solar energy [46]. For photovoltaics, solar radiation is a critical indicator.…”

Section: Extract Standard Evaluation Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Content Validity-Based Evaluation Criteria System for Siting Wind-Solar Plants

Sachit,

Shafri,

Abdullah

et al. 2024

Iraqi Journal of Science

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The spatial assessment criteria system for hybridizing renewable energy sources, such as hybrid solar-wind farms, is critical in selecting ideal installation sites that maximize benefits, reduce costs, protect the environment, and serve the community. However, a systematic approach to designing indicator systems is rarely used in relevant site selection studies. Therefore, the current paper attempts to present an inclusive framework based on content validity to create an effective criteria system for siting wind-solar plants. To this end, the criteria considered in the related literature are captured, and the top 10 frequent indicators are identified. The Delphi technique is used to subject commonly used factors to expert judgments. Other factors are considered according to expert recommendations. In this context, the assessment tool was a combination of questionnaires and interviews with experts from scientific backgrounds that reflect the measurement target. The item-level content validity index (I-CVI) is applied along with the modified Kappa statistic (k*) to analyze expert ratings and suggestions. The results demonstrate the superiority of 9 and 4 commonly used factors and the suggested factors, respectively. The 13 criteria have achieved high agreement among experts at I-CVIs ≥ 0.78 and k*s > 0.76. The conclusion can be drawn that the modified Kappa statistic used in this analysis has a more significant effect on eliminating irrelevant factors. The current methodology and consequences might pave the way for making informed decisions to locate wind and solar farms.

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Section: Extract Standard Evaluation Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Content Validity-Based Evaluation Criteria System for Siting Wind-Solar Plants

Sachit,

Shafri,

Abdullah

et al. 2024

Iraqi Journal of Science

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“…The complementarity between wind and solar power generation is defined by the synergistic capacity of both sources to enhance electricity outputs and augment their reliability [53]. Several indices have been introduced to assess the complementarity of wind and solar power generation across diverse temporal scales.…”

Section: Multi-scale Complementary Evaluation Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Wind and Solar Power Potential and Their Temporal Complementarity in China’s Northwestern Provinces: Insights from ERA5 Reanalysis

Fang,

Yang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Energies

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In the quest to scientifically develop power systems increasingly reliant on renewable energy sources, the potential and temporal complementarity of wind and solar power in China’s northwestern provinces necessitated a systematic assessment. Using ERA5 reanalysis data for wind speed and solar irradiance, an evaluation was carried out to determine the potential and spatial distribution of wind and solar power across these provinces. Land use types and terrestrial surface slopes were considered in gauging this potential. Theoretical wind and solar power outputs were then compared to understand their complementarity on annual, monthly, and hourly temporal scales. This exploration utilized methodologies including rank correlation coefficients, crossover frequency analysis, and standard deviation complementarity rates. Areas such as the Tarim Basin, Jungar Basin, and the northeastern part of Xinjiang, northwestern Qinghai, and northern Gansu were identified as having significant wind and solar power potential, with wind power densities reaching as high as 600 W/m2 and solar irradiance surpassing 2000 kWh/m2. In these energy-rich areas, the distinct complementarity between theoretical wind and solar outputs was discerned. On an annual scale, the complementarity appeared weakest, with only 7.48% of the combined provinces’ area showing medium-level complementarity. On a monthly scale, conversely, a pronounced complementarity was displayed, especially during the March–May and October–November periods. When evaluated on an hourly basis, an impressive 63.63% of the total output duration exhibited complementary characteristics.

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“…Going forwards, a synergy should be established between (i) upgraded infrastructure and (ii) a reduction in waste behaviours (i.e, excess) to cater for strain and the future demands placed by urbanisation. Relating to point (i), suitable technologies discussed in the literature include integrating AI/machine learning techniques [15], IoT sensors [16], digital twinning technologies [17,18], smart grid [19] and solar and wind [20]. Regarding point (ii), as discussed later in the findings, a suitable approach for eliminating wastegenerating behaviour is through education and developing an awareness of the impact waste behaviour has on the availability of critical services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Infrastructures: Reliability, Resilience and Wastage

et al. 2022

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By 2050, according to the UN medium forecast, 68.6% of the world’s population will live in cities. This growth will place a strain on critical infrastructure distribution networks, which already operate in a state that is complex and intertwined within society. In order to create a sustainable society, there needs to be a change in both societal behaviours (for example, reducing water, energy or food waste activities) and future use of smart technologies. The main challenges are that there is a limited aggregated understanding of current waste behaviours within critical infrastructure ecosystems, and a lack of technological solutions to address this. Therefore, this article reflects on theoretical and applied works concerning waste behaviours, the reliability/availability and resilience of critical infrastructures, and the use of advanced technologies for reducing waste. Articles in the Scopus digital library are considered in the investigation, with 51 papers selected by means of a systematic literature review, from which 38 strains, 86 barriers and 87 needs are identified, along with 60 methods of analysis. The focus of the work is primarily on behaviours, barriers and needs that create an excess or wastage.

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Combining Re-Analyzed Climate Data and Landcover Products to Assess the Temporal Complementarity of Wind and Solar Resources in Iraq

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

Content Validity-Based Evaluation Criteria System for Siting Wind-Solar Plants

Content Validity-Based Evaluation Criteria System for Siting Wind-Solar Plants

Assessment of Wind and Solar Power Potential and Their Temporal Complementarity in China’s Northwestern Provinces: Insights from ERA5 Reanalysis

Critical Infrastructures: Reliability, Resilience and Wastage

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