Combining simultaneous with temporal masking.

Hermens, Frouke; Herzog, Michael H.; Francis, Gregory

doi:10.1037/a0014252

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…In foveal vision, we found also that pattern completion, another grouping cue, determines crowding (Hermens et al, 2009). Here we first showed that our foveal results also hold true in peripheral vision.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…We determined offset discrimination thresholds for a vertical vernier. Compared to the stimuli presented by Hermens et al (2009), we increased the size of the vernier by a factor of 4 to adapt for peripheral vision. The vernier was composed of two vertical lines 40 0 (arcmin) long separated by a vertical gap of 4 0 .…”

Section: Apparatus and Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fifth, pattern completion. In foveal vision, Hermens, Herzog, and Francis (2009) combined crowding with forward and backward masking. First, a vernier was presented alone and observers discriminated its offset.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Release of crowding by pattern completion

et al. 2015

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In crowding, target perception deteriorates in the presence of flanking elements. Crowding is classically explained by low-level mechanisms such as pooling or feature substitution. However, we have previously shown that perceptual grouping between the target and flankers, rather than low-level mechanisms, determines crowding. There are many grouping cues that can determine crowding, such as low- and high-level feature similarity, low- and high-level pattern regularity, and good Gestalt. Here we show that pattern completion, another grouping cue that is important for crowding in foveal vision, is also important in peripheral vision. We also describe computer simulations that show how pattern completion, and crowding in general, can be partly explained by recurrent processing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Apparatus and Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Release of crowding by pattern completion

et al. 2015

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“…, 2005, 2007a, 2009; Hermens & Ernst, 2007; Hermens & Herzog, 2007; Herzog, 2007; Herzog et al. , 2007; Hermens et al. , 2009a,b).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

When transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) modulates feature integration

Rüter

Kammer

Herzog

2010

Eur J of Neuroscience

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How the brain integrates visual information across time into coherent percepts is an open question. Here, we presented two verniers with opposite offset directions one after the other. A vernier consists of two vertical bars that are horizontally offset. When the two verniers are separated by a blank screen (interstimulus interval, ISI), the two verniers are perceived either as two separate entities or as one vernier with the offset moving from one side to the other depending on the ISI. In both cases, their offsets can be reported independently. Transcranial magnet stimulation (TMS) over the occipital cortex does not interfere with the offset discrimination of either vernier. When a grating, instead of the ISI, is presented, the two verniers are not perceived separately anymore, but as 'one' vernier with 'one' fused vernier offset. TMS strongly modulates the percept of the fused vernier offset even though the spatio-temporal position of the verniers is identical in the ISI and grating conditions. We suggest that the grating suppresses the termination signal of the first vernier and the onset signal of the second vernier. As a consequence, perception of the individual verniers is suppressed. Neural representations of the vernier and second vernier inhibit each other, which renders them vulnerable to TMS for at least 300 ms, even though stimulus presentation was only 100 ms. Our data suggest that stimulus features can be flexibly integrated in the occipital cortex, mediated by neural interactions with outlast stimulus presentations by far.

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“…In fact, there are other reported instances of masking aiding perception, but these tend to be in fairly specialized circumstances, often when the mask stimulus combines with the target stimulus in a constructive way. One such situation is near-threshold pedestal detection (Nachmias & Sansbury, 1974;Swift & Smith, 1984), and another involves vernier offset discrimination (Hermens, Herzog, & Francis, 2009). However, in the present instance, integration is facilitated and performance improved precisely because masking is effective for reducing the visual-system response to the second set of stimuli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Temporal integration in vision: Masking can aid detection

Swift

2013

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Temporal form-part integration is the process whereby two discrete sets of stimuli, presented at different times, are perceived by the visual system as a single integrated percept. Dixon and Di Lollo (Cognitive Psychology 26(1):33-63, 1994) proposed a temporal correlation model that was able to quantitatively account for a number of findings related to both form-part integration tasks and partial report. The present study demonstrates a novel approach to form-part integrationthe addition of a whole-field mask stimulus at the termination of the second set of stimuli. According to an extension of the correlation model, the mask stimulus should reduce the visual system's response to the trailing display, thus increasing the relative overlap of the two displays, fostering integration. Experiment 1 supported this hypothesis, showing a maximum benefit when the mask followed the trailing display immediately, as opposed to after a delay of 60 ms. Experiment 2 showed that this same mask actually did yield worse performance when presented immediately after a single set of stimuli. The third experiment collected detailed data for a few observers over a larger number of mask delays. Taken together, these experiments provide a rare example of masking degrading a target stimulus, and yet aiding perception.

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Combining simultaneous with temporal masking.

Cited by 6 publications

References 74 publications

Release of crowding by pattern completion

Release of crowding by pattern completion

When transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) modulates feature integration

Temporal integration in vision: Masking can aid detection

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