Combustible wood dust explosions and impacts on environments and health - A review

Zhou, Xihe; Li, Xiaoxu; Cui, Zhongwen; Lin, Wenxiong; Zhou, Handong; Lu, Xin

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.114658

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Regulations by the European Union (EU) go by the designation of “ATEX” (from the French “Atmosphères Explosives”) or on the international level by “IECEX System” from (“International Electrotechnical Commission System for Certification to Standards Relating to Equipment for Use in Explosive Atmospheres”). Examples are oil and gas exploration, production, transport and refining processes [ 85 , 86 ], chemical plants [ 87 , 88 ], but also sugar production plants [ 89 , 90 ] and wood-processing facilities [ 91 , 92 ].…”

Section: Mitigation Of Effects From Variable Service Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Approaches for Mitigating Effects from Variable Operational Environments on Piezoelectric Transducers for Long-Term Structural Health Monitoring

Brunner

2023

Sensors

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Extending the service life of ageing infrastructure, transportation structures, and processing and manufacturing plants in an era of limited resources has spurred extensive research and development in structural health monitoring systems and their integration. Even though piezoelectric transducers are not the only sensor technology for SHM, they are widely used for data acquisition from, e.g., wave-based or vibrational non-destructive test methods such as ultrasonic guided waves, acoustic emission, electromechanical impedance, vibration monitoring or modal analysis, but also provide electric power via local energy harvesting for equipment operation. Operational environments include mechanical loads, e.g., stress induced deformations and vibrations, but also stochastic events, such as impact of foreign objects, temperature and humidity changes (e.g., daily and seasonal or process-dependent), and electromagnetic interference. All operator actions, correct or erroneous, as well as unintentional interference by unauthorized people, vandalism, or even cyber-attacks, may affect the performance of the transducers. In nuclear power plants, as well as in aerospace, structures and health monitoring systems are exposed to high-energy electromagnetic or particle radiation or (micro-)meteorite impact. Even if environmental effects are not detrimental for the transducers, they may induce large amounts of non-relevant signals, i.e., coming from sources not related to changes in structural integrity. Selected issues discussed comprise the durability of piezoelectric transducers, and of their coupling and mounting, but also detection and elimination of non-relevant signals and signal de-noising. For long-term service, developing concepts for maintenance and repair, or designing robust or redundant SHM systems, are of importance for the reliable long-term operation of transducers for structural health monitoring.

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Section: Mitigation Of Effects From Variable Service Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Approaches for Mitigating Effects from Variable Operational Environments on Piezoelectric Transducers for Long-Term Structural Health Monitoring

Brunner

2023

Sensors

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“…Dust explosions pose a significant, persistent risk in various industries where flammable particulates are processed [1][2][3]. Such incidents can cause severe harm to people and substantial property damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of the Gas–Solid Separation Performance of Axial Flow Cyclone Separators

Mao,

Chertovskih,

Cai

2024

Inventions

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Cyclone separators, which have a high separation performance, play a crucial role in mitigating the occurrence of dust explosion incidents. This study aims to improve the performance of an axial cyclone separator using the results of simulations employing the RNG k-ε model together with a user-defined function to simulate the wall collision process. The effectiveness of various structural modifications to the vortex tube has been addressed. Specifically, we found that increasing the number of blades, reducing the blade exit angle, and adopting L-shaped blades increase separation efficiency. Additionally, enlarging the guide vane and exhaust pipe diameters, as well as increasing the exhaust pipe inclination angle, contribute to an improved separation performance due to the developed tangential velocity and vortex cores. However, it also increases the pressure drop losses due to the increase in the turbulence pulsation entropy and the wall entropy, while the time-averaged entropy is found to be less significant. As a result, our study sheds light on the flow characteristics, the gas–solid separation process, and the energy loss mechanism in the cyclone separator.

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“…It was found that the pellets weaken over time and can generate significant amounts of dust, which, in turn, raises the likelihood of fires and explosions 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of storage conditions on lignocellulose biofuels properties

Wzorek,

Król,

Junga

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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This article examines the effects of different storage conditions on selected physicochemical properties of three types of agro-biomass pellets: sunflower husks, wheat straw and hemp hurds, and wood pellets. The tests were carried out in a climatic chamber, which allows simulation of real storage conditions, i.e. conditions with high air humidity and variable (±) ambient air temperatures. The results showed higher degradability of agro-biomass pellets compared to woody biomass. The pellets degraded to a less extent at varying ± temperatures than at high humidity (90% RH). After complete moisture saturation, durability decreases for agro-pellets by an average of 9%, while after freezing and defreezing for sunflower husk pellets and woody pellets durability decreases by 2%, and for hemp hurd pellets by 11%. In contrast, strength-by-dropping index for agro-pellets decreased by 20% after being in the environment (30 °C and 90%RH) and 15% under varying temperature conditions. No change in the energy parameters of all pellets in the dry matter was noted. On the other hand, an increase in the moisture content of pellets when they are stored under different environmental conditions results in a decrease in calorific value.

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Combustible wood dust explosions and impacts on environments and health - A review

Cited by 15 publications

References 85 publications

A Review of Approaches for Mitigating Effects from Variable Operational Environments on Piezoelectric Transducers for Long-Term Structural Health Monitoring

A Review of Approaches for Mitigating Effects from Variable Operational Environments on Piezoelectric Transducers for Long-Term Structural Health Monitoring

Numerical Study of the Gas–Solid Separation Performance of Axial Flow Cyclone Separators

Effect of storage conditions on lignocellulose biofuels properties

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