Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Premixed Lean Diesel Combustion Engine

Nakagome, Keiichi; Shimazaki, Naoki; Niimura, Keiichi; Kobayashi, Shinji

doi:10.4271/970898

Cited by 121 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Our concept of HCCI is to use compression ignition of a homogeneous charge mixture prepared in the manifold of a very high octane (and low cetane) fuel at very lean conditions. This is contrasted to earlier work (Thring, 1989) where a 87 octane fuel was used at 8:I compression ratio or the early direct injection studies (Nakagome, et al, 1997) at 16.5: I compression ratio using a 62 cetane fuel. In our current study we have chosen methane as the fuel with its 120 RON.…”

Section: Used a Labeco Cooperativecontrasting

confidence: 41%

Compression Ratio Effect on Methane HCCI Combustion

Aceves

Smith

Westbrook

et al. 1999

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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We have used the HCT (Hydrodynamics, Chemistry and Transport) chemical kinetics code to simulate HCCI (homogeneous charge compression ignition) combustion of methane-air mixtures.HCT is applied to explore the ignition timing, bum duration, NOx production, gross indicated efficiency and gross IMEP of a supercharged engine (3 atm. Intake pressure) with 14:1, 16:l and 18: 1 compression ratios at 1200 rpm. HCT has been modified to incorporate the effect of heat transfer and to calculate the temperature that results from mixing the recycled exhaust with the fresh mixture. This study uses a single control volume reaction zone that varies as a function of crank angle. The ignition process is controlled by adjusting the intake equivalence ratio and the residual gas trapping (RGT). RGT is internal exhaust gas recirculation which recycles both thermal energy and combustion product species. Adjustment of equivalence ratio and RGT is accomplished by varying the timing of the exhaust valve closure in either 2-stroke or 4-stroke engines. Inlet manifold temperature is held constant at 300 K. Results show that, for each compression ratio, there is a range of operational conditions that show promise of achieving the control necessary to vary power output while keeping indicated efficiency above 50% and NO, levels below 100 ppm. HCT results are also compared with a set of recent experimental data for natural gas.

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Section: Used a Labeco Cooperativecontrasting

confidence: 41%

Compression Ratio Effect on Methane HCCI Combustion

Aceves

Smith

Westbrook

et al. 1999

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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“…In [9] the method is used to analyze the combustion conditions in the PREDIC (PREmixed lean Diesel Combustion) system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Diagnostics by Means of Multizone Heat Release Analysis and NO Calculation

Egnell

1998

SAE Technical Paper Series

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In this paper a combustion diagnostic method is presented where measured pressure data is used to calculate the heat release, local temperatures and concentrations of NO and other species. This is done by a multizone model where the lambda value, i.e. 1/equivalence ratio, in each zone can be chosen arbitrarily. In homogenous charge engines lambda is given by the global air/fuel ratio. The local lambdas during initial combustion in stratified charge and diesel engines have to be estimated either as an average value or with a chosen distribution.One new zone of each local lambda is generated and the temperature, volume and species in all old zones are updated at each time step of calculation. In this paper the model is demonstrated by using pressure data from premixed and direct injected stratified charge natural gas SI engines and from a DI diesel engine.The pre-mixed data is used to validate the model as such while the ambition in the stratified charge and diesel cases has been to find the average local lambda that gives the same NOx emission as measured. The emphasis in the latter cases has been to study the influence on average local lambda of the duration of the fuel injection. Early injected fuel seems to burn at slightly leaner mixtures than later injected.

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“…Although there have been many investigations related to the HCCI combustion mode in diesel engines (Takeda et al, 1996;Gray and Ryan, 1997;Nakagome and Niimura, 1997;Odaka et al, 1999;Akagawa et al, 1999;Nishijima et al, 2001;Helmantel and Denbratt, 2004;Choi et al, 2004), only a few practical techniques have been implemented in commercial diesel engines. An example is called Modulated Kinetics (MK) combustion (Kimura et al, 1999(Kimura et al, , 2001Lee and Reitz, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Low temperature premixed combustion within a small bore high speed direct injection (HSDI) optically accessible diesel engine using a retarded single injection

Fang

Coverdill

Lee

et al. 2008

Int.J Automot. Technol.

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An optically accessible single-cylinder high speed direct-injection (HSDI) Diesel engine equipped with a Bosch common rail injection system was used to study low temperature Modulated Kinetics (MK) combustion with a retarded single main injection. High-speed liquid fuel Mie-scattering was employed to investigate the liquid distribution and evolution. By carefully setting up the optics, three-dimensional images of fuel spray were obtained from both the bottom of the piston and the side window. The NOx emissions were measured in the exhaust pipe. The influence of injection pressure and injection timing on liquid fuel evolution and combustion characteristics was studied under similar fuel quantities. Interesting spray development was seen from the side window images. Liquid impingement was found for all of the cases due to the small diameter of the piston bowl. The liquid fuel tip hits the bowl wall obliquely and spreads as a wall jet in the radial direction of the spray. Due to the bowl geometry, the fuel film moves back into the central part of the bowl, which enhances the airfuel mixing process and prepares a more homogeneous air-fuel mixture. Stronger impingement was seen for high injection pressures. Injection timing had little effect on fuel impingement. No liquid fuel was seen before ignition, indicating premixed combustion for all the cases. High-speed combustion video was taken using the same frame rate. Ignition was seen to occur on or near the bowl wall in the vicinity of the spray tip, with the ignition delay being noticeably longer for lower injection pressure and later injection timing. The majority of the flame was confined to the bowl region throughout the combustion event. A more homogeneous and weaker flame was observed for higher injection pressures and later injection timing. The combustion structure also proves the mixing enhancement effect of the liquid fuel impingement. The results show that ultralow sooting combustion is feasible in an HSDI diesel engine with a higher injection pressure, a higher EGR rate, or later injection timing, with little penalty on power output. It was also found that injection timing has more influence on HCCI-like combustion using a single main injection than the other two factors studied. Compared with the base cases, simultaneous reductions of soot and NOx were obtained by increasing EGR rate and retarding injection timing. By increasing injection pressure, NOx emissions were increased due to leaner and faster combustion with better air-fuel mixing. However, smoke emissions were significantly reduced with increased injection pressure.

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Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Premixed Lean Diesel Combustion Engine

Cited by 121 publications

References 7 publications

Compression Ratio Effect on Methane HCCI Combustion

Compression Ratio Effect on Methane HCCI Combustion

Combustion Diagnostics by Means of Multizone Heat Release Analysis and NO Calculation

Low temperature premixed combustion within a small bore high speed direct injection (HSDI) optically accessible diesel engine using a retarded single injection

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